Fricourt German war cemetery

Infobox Military Cemetery
name=Fricourt German War Cemetery
body=German War Graves Commission
"(Volksbund Deutsche Kriegsgräberfürsorge")


caption=Fricourt German war cemetery
use_dates=Sep 1914 - Oct 1918
established= Concentration cemetery. 1920 onwards
designer=
coordinates=
nearest_town=Albert, Somme, France
total= 17,027
unknowns=6,477
commemorated=
by_country=Imperial Germany
by_war=World War I
source= [http://www.greatwar.co.uk/westfront/Somme/cemeteries/german/fricourt.htm Great War website]

Fricourt German war cemetery is near the village of Fricourt, near Albert, in the French département of the Somme. Most of the fallen were members of the Imperial German 2nd Army. [http://www.greatwar.co.uk/westfront/Somme/cemeteries/german/fricourt.htm Article on Fricourt. Great War website] ] Of the 17,000 burials, about 1,000 of died in the autumn of 1914 and the ensuing trench warfare; about 10,000 during the Battle of the Somme (July-November 1916); and the final 6,000 in the Spring Offensive and the Allied counter-attack, Hundred Days, that followed it, in 1918.

The cemetery was established by the French military authorities in 1920 and concentrates burials from "some 79 communes in the regions around Bapaume, Albert, Combles, the Ancre valley and Villers-Bretonneux". About 5,000 of the burials are mostly in shared double graves; the remainder lie in four communal graves.

Among those buried there at one time was the famous German fighter pilot Manfred von Richthofen, the Red Baron, who was killed on April 21 1918 in aerial combat and buried with military honours by the British. Later his remains were transferred first to Fricourt, then to the Invalidenfriedhof Cemetery in Berlin, and finally to a family plot in Wiesbaden.

The German War Graves Commission started landscaping the cemetery from 1929, at the time were working on the German military grave registration service. At this point the cemetery received a new entrance with stairs and wrought-iron gate and trees and bushes was planted. The community graves got a verge made of natural stone and a planting with game roses. A wooden high cross served as central mark; however the problem remained of a durable marking for the graves due to foreign exchange shortage. In 1939 the eruption of the Second World War saw a suspension of the work.

After the conclusion of the French-German war grave agreement from 19 July 1966 the German War Graves Commission could begin German military grave registration service with the final organization of the German military cemeteries in France from the time of the First World War. Starting from 1977 the provisional wood grave markers were exchanged with those made of metal with raised names and dates, where possible. The German Federal Armed Forces took over the construction of the concrete foundations necessary for setting up the metal crosses, which were shifted mostly by participants in youth camps.

Some 5,057 are buried in single graves, with 114 remaining unknown. Four communal graves contain 11,970 burials.There are also 14 graves for Jewish soldiers, marked with a headstone instead of a cross. The Hebrew characters mean "XXX rests buried" and "their soul may be enwoven into the circle of the living persons."

In the late 1960’s / early 1070’s a fundamental change in the landscape-gardening took place, which extended to the renewal of the hedge and the bricked edge of the community graves. New trees and shrubs were planted and the existing existence of a thorough revision was submitted. The wooden high cross was replaced through to out forged steel.

ources and references

* [http://www.greatwar.co.uk/westfront/Somme/cemeteries/german/fricourt.htm Article on Fricourt. Great War website]