Yellow Cross (chemical warfare)
- Yellow Cross (chemical warfare)
Yellow Cross (Gelbkreuz) is a World War I chemical warfare agent usually based on sulfur mustard (HS, Yperite, Lost).
The original Gelbkreuz was a composition of 80-90% of sulfur mustard and 10-20% of tetrachloromethane or chlorobenzene as a solvent which lowered its viscosity and acted as an antifreeze, or, alternatively, 80% sulfur mustard, 10% bis(chloromethyl) ether, and 10% tetrachloromethane. A later formulation, Gelbkreuz 1, was a mixture of 40% ethyldichloroarsine, 40% ethyldibromoarsine, and 20% of bis(chloromethyl) ether. In some cases nitrobenzene was used to mask the material's characteristic odor. French "ypérite no.20" was a similar mixture of 80% sulfur mustard and 20% tetrachloromethane.
Yellow Cross is also a generic World War I German marking for artillery shells with chemical payload affecting exposed surfaces of the body. [ [http://www.cbwinfo.com/History/WWI.html Chemical Weapons in World War I ] ]
See also
* Green Cross (chemical warfare)
* Blue Cross (chemical warfare)
* White Cross (chemical warfare)
References
Wikimedia Foundation.
2010.
Look at other dictionaries:
White Cross (chemical warfare) — White Cross (Weisskreuz) is a World War I chemical warfare agent consisting of one or more lachrymatory agents: bromoacetone (BA), bromobenzyl cyanide (Camite), bromomethyl ethyl ketone (homomartonite, Bn stoff), chloroacetone (Tonite, A stoff),… … Wikipedia
Blue Cross (chemical warfare) — Blue Cross (Blaukreuz) is a World War I chemical warfare agent consisting of diphenylchloroarsine (DA, Clark I), diphenylcyanoarsine (CDA, Clark II), ethyldichloroarsine (Dick), and/or methyldichloroarsine (Methyldick). Clark I and Clark II were… … Wikipedia
Green Cross (chemical warfare) — Green Cross (Grünkreuz) is a World War I chemical warfare agent consisting of chloropicrin (PS, Aquinite, Klop), phosgene (CG, Collongite) and/or trichloromethyl chloroformate (Surpalite, Perstoff).Green Cross is also a generic World War I German … Wikipedia
Yellow cross — may mean: * Cathar yellow cross, a distinguishing mark worn by repentant Cathars, who were ordered to wear it by the Roman Catholic Church ** For information about other distinguishing markers (including the Nazi s imposition of the Yellow Star… … Wikipedia
Chemical weapons in World War I — A poison gas attack using gas cylinders in World War I. The use of chemical weapons in World War I ranged from disabling chemicals, such as tear gas and the severe mustard gas, to lethal agents like phosgene and chlorine. This chemical warfare… … Wikipedia
Green Cross — may refer to:* Green Cross (Japan), a Japanese pharmaceutical company * Green Cross Code, a traffic safety education program in the United Kingdom * Green Cross International, an environmental organization founded by Mikhail Gorbachev * The Green … Wikipedia
Biological warfare — For the use of biological agents by terrorists, see bioterrorism. Weapons of mass destruction … Wikipedia
Sulfur mustard — Sulfur mustard … Wikipedia
Operation Hush — Part of World War I Date 1917 Location Belgian Coast … Wikipedia
Nuclear warfare — Nuclear War redirects here. For other uses, see Nuclear War (disambiguation). Warfare Military history Eras Prehistoric Ancie … Wikipedia