The Eyes of Texas

"For the long-running Texas travel program of the same name, see The Eyes of Texas (TV Series)".

"The Eyes of Texas" is the alma mater of the University of Texas at Austin. It is set to the tune of "I've Been Working on the Railroad." Students, faculty, and alumni of the University sing the song at Longhorn sports games and other events.

History

The song was written in 1903 by John Sinclair. The lyrics are said to be intended to poke fun at University President Colonel Prather. Prather had attended Washington and Lee College, where Robert E. Lee would frequently tell his students "The eyes of the South are upon you." Prather was known for including in his speeches a similar admonition, "The Eyes of Texas are Upon You," meaning that the state of Texas was watching and expecting the students to go out and do great things. Prather enjoyed the song and promoted its usage. He died not long thereafter, and the song was played at his funeral. After this, the song achieved its complete dignity and meaning.

An alternate source for the song's inspiration is offered in Hood's Texas Brigade: Lee's Grenadier Guard, a 1970 book by Col. Harold B. Simpson that tracked the history of the vaunted Texas Brigade during the Civil War. The brigade served under General Lee's Army of Northern Virginia and fought with distinction in nearly all of the Civil War's pivotal battles. But their finest hour occurred on May 6, 1864 at the Battle of the Wilderness.

General Grant's troops had broken the Confederate line and were driving the fleeing graycoats in disarray back into their reserves. The collapse of Lee's army - and the Confederate cause - seemed imminent when the Texas Brigade arrived with a resounding Rebel yell after an exhausting overnight march.

Moved by their fighting spirit, Lee himself rode to the front of the Texas line on his horse, Traveller, and remarked to his aides, "Texans always move them." The remark was passed down the cheering line, and the brigade formed into attack formation. Knowing that the charge would be deadly, the Brigade refused to move until General Lee moved behind them. ("General Lee to the rear.") Their commander, Col. John Gregg, then ordered them forward: "Attention Texas Brigade. The eyes of General Lee are upon you. Forward march!"

The 811-man brigade surged forward and stopped the federal advance before driving the bluecoats back through two of their defensive lines. Their frontal assault against superior numbers was brutal and costly with 565 casualties (dead and wounded). But it saved the day and prolonged the Confederacy for another year.

Simpson's history is exhaustingly sourced and deserving of serious consideration as the primary inspiration for the song. After the war, Lee retired to Washington and Lee College, where he taught Prather and could easily have related both the story and the saying. Lee had an abiding respect for the courage, strength and character of his "Texian" fighters, who were arguably the South's finest troops. Prather was one of the pallbearers at Lee's funeral in 1870.

The song is sung at momentous occasions such as graduation and even solemn occasions such as funerals. Led by the Longhorn Marching Band, it was sung at the July 14 2007 funeral of First Lady Lady Bird (Claudia Taylor) Johnson, an alumna of the University of Texas.cite news | url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/07/14/AR2007071400225.html?nav=rss_nation | title=Lady Bird Johnson is remembered | publisher=Washington Post | date=July 15 2007 | author=Holley, Joe | accessdate=2007-08-03] cite news | url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2aPqV0aPKMI | title=Lady Bird Johnson Funeral - The Eyes of Texas | accessdate=2007-08-03] When singing the song, participants generally raise their right arm with their hand making the Hook 'em Horns symbol of The University.

Highway rest stops through the state feature road signs stating that the "The Eyes of Texas are upon" drunk drivers. These signs feature a cartoon longhorn holding a cell phone, encouraging motorists to call 911 to report drunk drivers.

The Eyes of Texas is also the alma mater of the University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP). At the time, UTEP was called Texas College of Mines and Metallurgy (TCM). It was adopted in 1920 by the student body after UT (Austin) had declared it their school anthem. UTEP is the second oldest academic component of the U.T. System, having been founded in 1914.

The Eyes of Texas is also the sung at the graduation of University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB). UTMB is the first, but not the only state medical school. [http://organizations.utep.edu/Default.aspx?tabid=22489]

Lyrics

:The eyes of Texas are upon you,:All the live long day.:The eyes of Texas are upon you,:You cannot get away.:Do not think you can escape them,:At night, or early in the morn'.:The eyes of Texas are upon you,:Till Gabriel blows his horn!

( [http://lhb.music.utexas.edu/sounds/ A Longhorn Band performance of the song can be found here.] )

Usage in popular culture

Appearances in film

*The song was song by a group of soldiers in the 1944 movie Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo, based on the Doolittle Raid during WWII.
*Roy Rogers starred in a 1948 film titled "Eyes of Texas".
*The song is played repeatedly in the 1956 movie "Giant".ref|Bunko
*The song is on the soundtrack of Dimitri Tiomkin version of "The Alamo", which was nominated for the Academy Awards of Best Music (Original Song) and for Best Music (Scoring of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture) in 1961.ref|Alamo
*Elvis Presley sings it as part of a medley with "The Yellow Rose of Texas" in "Viva Las Vegas" from 1963.
*In Steven Spielberg's 1974 movie "The Sugarland Express", as the slow-speed police chase comes into a small town thronged with supporters of the fugitive couple, the marching band is playing "The Eyes of Texas." The score was conducted by John Williams.
*As background to an inaugural ball for newly elected president Lyndon Johnson in the opening scene in the movie "Path to War".
*Sung by Roy Orbison and Hank Williams Jr. to calm a rowdy group at a country-western bar in the film "Roadie". Travis Redfish, played by Meat Loaf sings along.
*Used as the theme song for both the radio and television versions of "Tales of the Texas Rangers".
* Sang by a group of children to President John F. Kennedy the morning of his assassination in the film "The Men Who Killed Kennedy".

Appearances in other songs

*The song forms the chorus portion of "VI. Chorale And Finale" from Oedipus Tex and Other Choral Calamitiesref|schickele

tudent organization

The Eyes of Texas is a student organization on the UT campus. It is a service organization whose purpose is "to unselfishly serve the University of Texas at Austin." The organization awards the Eyes of Texas Excellence Awards to outstanding staff and faculty, the Margaret C. Berry Award for outstanding contributions to student life, and the Glen Maloney 40 Acres Award. The Eyes of Texas were first registered as a student organization on March 5, 1976 and are still active on the UT campus. They are represented by the symbol of an eye posted on all campus kiosks which the organization maintains.ref|studentorg

Notes

# [http://www.utexas.edu/supportut/news_pub/tl_spr03_eyes.html "It’s a Century Later, and the Eyes of Texas are Still Upon You"] "Support UT" news story from March 2003 concerning the centennial of "The Eyes of Texas"
# [http://www.bunkosquad.com/100movies/index.phtml?page=giant.inc Film review of "Giant"] - Accessed 20 March 2006
# [http://www.mfiles.co.uk/reviews/dimitri-tiomkin-the-alamo.htm The Alamo] - Accessed 20 March 2006
# [http://www.utexas.edu/staff/eyesoftexas.html "The Eyes of Texas Are Upon Excellence Award Winners"]
# P.D.Q. Bach. "VI. Chorus and Finale". Oedipus Tex and Other Choral Calamities. CD. Telarc CD-80239, 1990.

External links

* [http://lhb.music.utexas.edu/sounds/eyes_med.qtl "The Eyes of Texas" performed by the Texas Longhorn Band (for DSL)] [http://lhb.music.utexas.edu/sounds/eyes_low.qtl for 56k]
*Handbook of Texas|id=EE/xee1.html|name=Eyes of Texas
* [http://lhb.music.utexas.edu/history/songs_index.html Lyrics and history of "The Eyes of Texas" and other Texas traditionals]
* [http://utdirect.utexas.edu/dsorg/detail.wb?code=00475 Official Student Organization listing of "The Eyes of Texas"]
* [http://web.archive.org/web/20041012143409/http://www.austinreview.com/98.2.9/Headlines.html The Eyes of The Eyes of Texas Are Upon Us]
* [http://www.mccombs.utexas.edu/news/pressreleases/culver.asp The Eyes of Texas Award]

[Category:1903 songs]