Paolo Segneri

Paolo Segneri (b. at Nettuno, 21 March1624; d. at Rome, 9 December1694) was an Italian Jesuit preacher, missionary, and ascetical writer.

Life

He studied at the Roman College, and in 1637 entered the Society of Jesus, not without opposition from his father. Oliva was his first master in the religious life; Sforza Pallacicini taught him theology. Under such guides his virtues and talents developed to maturity.

He lectured on humanities for several years, and was ordained priest in 1653. By a careful study of Scripture, the Fathers, and the Orations of Cicero, he had prepared himself for the pulpit. He volunteered for the foreign missions, but Tuscany, the Papal States, and the chief cities of Italy were to be the scene of his labours. He preached at first in the great cathedrals, and then for twenty-seven years (1665-92) gave popular missions with an eloquence surpassed only by his holiness. His "Quaresimale" (Florence, 1679, tr. New York, 1874) was read and admired by Antonio Pignatelli, who as Pope Innocent XII summoned the missionary to preach before him, and made him theologian of the "Penitentiaria". Segneri's biographer, Massei, states that "Le Prediche dette nei palazzo apostolico" (Rome, 1694) won the admiration of the pontiff and his Court.

After St. Bernadine of Siena and Savonarola, Segneri was Italy's greatest orator. He reformed the Italian pulpit. Segneri at times stumbles into the defects of the "Seicentisti" (Marianisti). The "Quaresimale" , "the Prediche", the "Panegyrici Sacri" (Florence, 1684, translated by Father Humphrey, London, 1877), stamp him as a great orator.

Entire districts flocked to hear him; extraordinary graces and favours marked his career. His triumphs left him simple as a child.

Works

In his theological discussion with his superior-general, Thyrsus Gonzalez, who was a firm champion of Probabiliorism, he combined the respect and obedience of the subject with the independence of the trained thinker (cf. Lettere sulla Materia del Probabile" in vol. IV of "Opere", Venice, 1748).

Segneri wrote also "Il penitente istruito (Bologna, 1669); "Il confessore istruito" (Brescia, 1672); "La Manna dell anima" (Milan, 1683, tr. London, New York, 1892); "Il Cristiano istruito" (Florence, 1690). His complete works (cf. Somervogel) have been frequently edited: at Parma, 1701; Venice, 1712-58; Turin, 1855, etc. The "Quaresimale" has been printed at least thirty times. Some of Segneri's works have been translated into Arabic. Hallam criticizes Segneri; Ford is more just in his appreciation.

References

*Massei, "Breve ragguaglio della Vita del Ven. Servo di Dio il Padre Paolo Segneri" (Florence, Parma, 1701), tr. In no. 27 of the "Oratory Series" (London, 1851)
*Tiraboschi, "Storia della letteratura italiana" (Modena, 1771-82); VIII:
*Angelo Fabroni, "Vita Italorum" (Pisa, 1788-99)
*Patrignani-Boero, "Menologio" (Rome, 1859)
*Guglielmo Audisio, "Lezioni di Eloquenza Sacra" (Turin, 1859); I, Lecture vi, II, Lecture xxvi, xxix, III, Lecture vi, vii
*Ford, "Sermons from the Quaresimale, with a preface relating to the author" (London, 1869) Protestant
*Hallam, "Introd. To the Lit. of Europe" (New York, 1841), II, 26
*De Coppier, "LE p. Segneri considéré comme Orateur" in "Etudes" (Dec., 1878)
*Trebbi, "Il Quaresimale, con discorso ed analisi" (Turin, 1883)
*Morris, "The Lights in Prayer of the Ven. Frs. De la Puente, de la Colombiére, and the Rev. r. P. Segneri, S.J." (London, 1893)
*Belloni, "Il seicento" (Milan, 1899)
*Tacchi-Venturi, "Lettere inedite di P. Segneri". . . "intorno all opera segneriana "La Concordia" (Florence, 1903)
*Bulgarelli, "Il P. Segneri e la diocesi di Modigliana" (Saluzzo, 1908)
*Baugartner, "Die Gestichte der Weltliteratur, VI Band, Die italienische Literatur" (St. Louis, 1911); "Civiltô," 3rd Series, VIII, 454; 15th Series, XII, 257; 16th Series, V, 314; 18th Series, V, 142
*Sommervogel, "Bibl. De la C. de J.," VII
*FORNACIARI, "Disegno storico della letteratura italiana" (Florence, 1898)