JBL

Infobox_Company
company_name = JBL/JBL Professional
company_logo =
company_type = Home and Pro Audio Manufacturer
foundation = 1946
location_city = Northridge, CA
location_country = United States
key_people = James Bullough Lansing, Founder
industry = Audio
products = Amplifiers, Loudspeakers
parent = Harman International
revenue =
num_employees =
homepage = [http://www.jblpro.com/ www.jblpro.com] , [http://www.jbl.com/ www.jbl.com]

JBL is an American-Japanese audio electronics company currently owned by Harman International. It was founded in 1946 by James Bullough Lansing. Their primary products are loudspeakers and associated electronics. There are two independent divisions within the company — JBL Consumer and JBL Professional. The former produces audio equipment for the home market while the latter produces professional equipment for the studio, installed sound, tour sound, portable sound (production and DJ), and cinema markets.

History

James B. Lansing founded JBL the year after leaving Altec Lansing as their Vice President of Engineering in 1945. The company was first called Lansing Sound, Incorporated, and dated from 1 October 1946 and then changed its name to James B. Lansing Sound The first products model D101 15-inch loudspeaker and D175 The high frequency driver. The D175 remained in the JBL catalog through the 1970s. Both of these were near copies of Altec Lansing products. First original product was the D130, a 15-inch transducer for which a variant would remain in production for the next 55 years. The D130 featured a 4-inch flat ribbon wire voice coil and Alnico V magnet. Two other products were the 12-inch D131 and 8-inch D208 cone drivers The Marquardt corporation gave the company early manufacturing space and a modest investment. William H. Thomas, the treasurer of Marquardt, represented the Marquardt corporation on Lansing's Board of Directors. In 1948 Marquardt took over operation of the company. In 1949 Marquardt was purchased by General Tire Company. The new company was not interest in the loudspeaker business and severed ties with Mr. Lansing. The company was reincorporated as James B. Lansing, Incorporated and moved to its first private location 2439 Fletcher Drive, Los Angeles.

A key to JBL's early development was Mr. Lansing's close business relationship with its primary supplier of Alnico V magnetic material, Robert Arnold of Arnold Engineering. Arnold Engineering extended favorable terms and deep credit to Mr. Lansing. Robert Arnold saw JBL as an opportunity to sell Alnico V magnetic material into a new market.

James Lansing was noted as an innovative engineer, but a poor businessman. For the next 3 years Mr. Lansing struggled to pay invoices and ship product. As a result of deteriorating business conditions and personal issues, he took his own life on September 4, 1949. The company then passed into the hands of Bill Thomas, JBL's then vice-president. Mr. Lansing had taken out a $10,000 life insurance policy naming the company as the beneficiary. That allowed Mr. Thomas to continue the company after Mr. Lansing's death. Soon after, Mr. Thomas purchased Mrs. Lansing's one-third interest in the company and became the sole owner of the company. Mr. Thomas was responsible for revitalizing the company and spearheading a remarkable period of growth for the two decades following the founding of JBL [ [http://www.audioheritage.org/html/history/lansing/founding.htm] Founding JBL, Lansing Heritage website] .

Early products included the model 375 high frequency driver and the 075 UHF (Ultra High Frequency) ring radiator driver. The ring radiator drivers are also known as "JBL bullets" because of their distinctive shape. The 375 was a re-invention of the Western Electric 594 driver but with a Alnico V magnet and a 4-inch voice coil. The 375 shared the same basic magnet structure as the D-130 woofer. JBL engineers Ed May and Bart Locanthi created these designs [ [http://www.audioheritage.org/html/history/lansing/to_1981.htm] JBL to 1981, Lansing Heritage website] .

Two products from that era, the Hartsfield and the Paragon, continue to be highly desired on the collectors market.

In 1955 the brand name JBL was introduced to resolve ongoing disputes with Altec Lansing Corporation. The company name "James B. Lansing Sound, Incorporated" was retained, but the logo name was changed to JBL with the distinctive exclamation point logo [ [http://www.audioheritage.org/images/logos/signature_logo.jpg] JBL signature Logo, Lansing Heritage website]

The JBL 4320 series studio monitor was introduced through Capitol Records in Hollywood and became the standard monitor worldwide for its parent company, EMI. JBL's introduction to rock and roll music came via the adoption of the D130 loudspeaker by Leo Fender's Fender Guitar company as the ideal driver for electric guitars.

In 1969, Bill Thomas sold JBL to the Jervis Corporation (later renamed Harman International) headed by Dr. Sidney Harman. The 1970s saw JBL become a household brand, starting with the famous L-100, which was the best-selling loudspeaker model of any company to that date. The 1970s also saw a major JBL expansion in the professional audio field from their studio monitors. By the end of the decade recording studios in the United States used more JBL monitors than all other brands combined. The JBL L-100 and 4310 control monitors were noteworthy, popular home speakers. In the 1980's the L-100, 4312 and others were updated with aquaplas-laminated midrange and woofer drivers, and a titanium-deposited tweeter diaphragm, the new designations being the L-80T, L-100T, L-120T and the flagship L-250ti. To test speaker drivers, JBL in Northridge used the roof as an outdoor equivalent to an anechoic chamber [ [http://www.lansingheritage.org/html/jbl/reference/technical/inside-monitor.htm] Inside The Studio Monitor] .

By 1977 more recording studios were using JBL monitors than all other brands combined, according to a Billboard survey [ [http://www.audioheritage.org/html/people/wolf/wolf.htm Arnold Wolf, President of JBL 1969-1979] ] .

Over the next two decades JBL, went more mass-market with their consumer (Northridge) line of loudspeakers. At the same time, they made an entry into the high end market with their project speakers, consisting of the Everest and K2 lines. JBL became a prominent supplier to the tour sound industry, their loudspeakers being employed by touring rock acts and music festivals. JBL products were the basis for the development of THX loudspeaker standard, which resulted in JBL becoming a popular cinema loudspeaker manufacturer.

JBL was formerly used in Ford's top-of-the-line vehicle audio systems, as competition with Chrysler (whose cars used Infinity (audio)) and Nissan (who used Bose Corporation). Today, Toyota uses JBL systems in its product line-up Fact|date=March 2008.

References

External links

* [http://www.jbl.com Official consumer products website]
* [http://www.jblpro.com Official professional products website]
* [http://www.audioheritage.org/intro.htm Lansing Heritage website]
* [http://vintageaudio.forumup.org/viewforum.php?f=43&mforum=vintageaudio JBL Forum] at Vintage Audio (Many classic scans)
* [http://www.jblpro.com/pages/obsolete.htm JBL Professional Vintage Product Information]