Makoto Kobayashi (physicist)

小林 誠 Makoto Kobayashi
Born	April 7, 1944 (1944-04-07) (age 67)[1] Nagoya, Japan[2]
Citizenship	Japan
Fields	High energy physics (theory)[2]
Institutions	Kyoto University High Energy Accelerator Research Organization[1][2]
Alma mater	Nagoya University[1][2]
Doctoral advisor	Shoichi Sakata
Known for	Work on CP violation CKM matrix
Notable awards	Sakurai Prize (1985) Japan Academy Prize (1985) Asahi Prize (1995) High Energy and Particle Physics Prize by European Physical Society (2007) Nobel Prize in Physics (2008)

Makoto Kobayashi (小林 誠, Kobayashi Makoto^?) (born April 7, 1944 in Nagoya, Japan) is a Japanese physicist known for his work on CP-violation who was awarded one quarter of the 2008 Nobel Prize in Physics "for the discovery of the origin of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature."^[3]

Biography

After completing his PhD at Nagoya University in 1972, Kobayashi worked as a research associate on particle physics at Kyoto University. Together, with his colleague Toshihide Maskawa, he worked on explaining CP-violation within the Standard Model of particle physics. Kobayashi and Maskawa's theory required that there were at least three generations of quarks, a prediction that was confirmed experimentally four years later by the discovery of the bottom quark.

Kobayashi and Maskawa's article, "CP Violation in the Renormalizable Theory of Weak Interaction",^[4] published in 1973, is the fourth most cited high energy physics paper of all time as of 2008.^[5] The Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix, which defines the mixing parameters between quarks was the result of this work. Kobayashi and Maskawa were jointly awarded half of the 2008 Nobel Prize in Physics for this work, with the other half going to Yoichiro Nambu.^[3]

Academic career

• April, 1972 : Research Associate of Kyoto University
• July,1979 : Assistant Professor of the National Laboratory of High Energy Physics
• April, 1989 : Professor of the National Laboratory of High Energy Physics, Head of Physics Division II
• April, 1997 : Professor of the Institute of Particle and Nuclear Science, KEK Head of Physics Division II
• April, 2003 : Director, Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK
• April, 2004 : Trustee (Director, Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies), KEK (Inter-University Research Institute Corporation)
• June, 2006 : Professor emeritus of KEK.

Honors

• In October 2008, Kobayashi was honored with Japan's Order of Culture; and an awards ceremony for the Order of Culture was held at the Tokyo Imperial Palace.

Personal life

Kobayashi was born and educated in Nagoya, Japan. He married Sachiko Enomoto in 1975; they had one son, Junichiro. After his first wife died, Kobayashi married Emiko Nakayama in 1990, they had a daughter, Yuka.^[6]

See also

• Progress of Theoretical Physics

References

1. ^ ^{a b c} "Makoto Kobayashi" (Press release). High Energy Accelerator Research Organization. 6 July 2007. http://www.kek.jp/intra-e/press/2007/EPSprize2_e.html. Retrieved 2008-10-04. 
2. ^ ^{a b c d} L. Hoddeson (1977). "Flavor Mixing and CP Violation". The Rise of the Standard Model. Cambridge University Press. p. 137. ISBN 0521578167. http://books.google.de/books?id=klLUs2XUmOkC&pg=PA137. 
3. ^ ^{a b} The Nobel Prize in Physics 2008, The Nobel Foundation, http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/2008/index.html, retrieved 2009-10-17 
4. ^ M. Kobayashi, T. Maskawa (1973). "CP-Violation in the Renormalizable Theory of Weak Interaction". Progress of Theoretical Physics 49 (2): 652–657. Bibcode 1973PThPh..49..652K. doi:10.1143/PTP.49.652. http://ptp.ipap.jp/link?PTP/49/652/pdf. 
5. ^ "Top Cited Articles of All Time (2008 edition)". SPIRES database. http://www.slac.stanford.edu/spires/topcites/2008/alltime.shtml. 
6. ^ "Makoto Kobayashi (Autobiography)". The Nobel Foundation. http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/2008/kobayashi-autobio.html. 

External links

• Progress of Theoretical Physics
• Makoto Kobayashi, Professor emeritus of KEK

Persondata
Name	Kobayashi, Makoto
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	1944-04-07
Place of birth	Nagoya, Japan
Date of death
Place of death