California's 37th congressional district special election, 2007

California's 37th congressional district special election, 2007 was held on August 21, 2007 to replace the seat of Congresswomen Juanita Millender-McDonald, who died of cancer on April 22, 2007. [cite news |first=Peter |last=Prengaman |url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/04/22/AR2007042200784.html?hpid=moreheadlines |title=Rep. Millender-McDonald Dies of Cancer |date=2007-04-23 |accessdate=2008-07-14 |publisher=Associated Press via "The Washington Post"] California State Assemblymember Laura Richardson received the plurality of votes in an open primary election on June 26. Since no candidate won a majority of votes in that contest, the special election was held on August 21, in which Richardson was the winner.

Candidates

Democratic
*Lee Davis - publisher
*Mervin Evans - Army veteran, businessman, and frequent candidate
*Felicia Ford - Corporate Executive Officer
*Bill Francisco Grisolia - Paralegal/Businessman
*Peter Mathews professor
*Valerie McDonald - daughter of deceased Rep. Millender-McDonald
*Jenny Oropeza - State Senator, 2007-Present; State Assemblywoman, 2001-2007; Long Beach City Councilmember, 1995-2001
*George Parmer Jr. - truck driver
*Jeffrey Price - Workers Compensation Attorney
*Laura Richardson - State Assemblywoman, 2007-Present, Long Beach Councilmember, 2001-2005
*Ed Wilson - Signal Hill Councilmember, 1997-Present

Republican
*Leroy Joseph Guillory - minister
*John M. Kanaley - War Veteran
*Jeffrey "Lincoln" Leavitt - teacher
*Teri Ramirez - Businesswoman/mother

Green
*Daniel Abraham Brezenoff - Clinical social worker and activist

Libertarian
*Herb Peters - Retired aerospace engineer

Historically Democratic district

The district has been historically Democratic. In the 2004 Presidential election, John Kerry received 74% of the vote and George W. Bush received 25% of the vote. The district has a Cook Partisan Voting Index score of D +27. The district's high African American and Mexican American populations also make the district lean Democrat because those groups have tended to vote with the Democrats. It came as little surprise when Republican John M. Kanaley received 5,309 votes or 25.24% of the total. After the June 26 election, various articles that appeared in the "Los Angeles Times" and the "Long Beach Press-Telegram" all but declared Richardson the eventual winner (see references below).

Democratic Party Involvement

Democratic Party endorses Oropeza, May 19, 2007

A spokesman for the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee told TheHill.com that the committee had no plans to get involved in the election.cite web|url=http://thehill.com/leading-the-news/oropeza-enters-race-for-late-rep.s-seat-2007-05-02.html|title=Oropeza enters race for late rep.’s seat =May 3, 2007|publisher=TheHill.com|accessdate=2007-05-03] Despite making claims to originally stay out of the Congressional race, the Democratic Party endorsed Oropeza on May 19, 2007. Oropeza took 119 of the 168 ballots cast by party delegates, or 71 percent, reaching the 60 percent threshold needed to win the party's endorsement [http://www.presstelegram.com/news/ci_5940022] .

Involvement from out of district officials

Richardson accused Senate President Pro Tem Don Perata of having "dumped 130 people here" from outside the district to throw the democratic party vote to Oropeza [http://www.presstelegram.com/news/ci_5940022] . In the race, Perata supported fellow State Senator Oropeza. Richardson was endorsed by several California State Assembly members that included Speaker Fabian Nunez, Majority Leader Karen Bass, Assembly member Mervyn Dymally, and former Speaker Willie Brown.

Race

The Black vote

McDonald won only two votes from party delegates at the Democratic party endorsement. The vast majority of black delegates in attendance voted for Richardson, while Oropeza won all but a few of the Latino, white and Filipino delegates. Blacks make up roughly 25% of registered voters. Many black leaders saw this election as a test of their political clout. As Millender-McDonald was Black, Black leaders wanted to hang on to the congressional seat that had been held by an African-American, even as the seat’s Latino population has grown rapidly. Black Congresswoman Maxine Waters also endorsed Richardson, as did many black state representatives.

The McDonald factor

Originally, the membership of the Congressional Black Caucus was divided between those who supported the Richardson and Valerie McDonald, daughter of the late Millender-McDonald. McDonald was backed by US Congresswoman Diane Watson and some local churches and other political leader. McDonald is the executive director of the African American Women Health and Education Foundation in Carson, a nonprofit founded by her mother. Some black leaders feared that the two black candidates would split the vote and lead to an Oropeza victory. Polls that were conducted began to justify that fear. Seeing this fact, many Black leaders began to rally around and through their support to Richardson over McDonald.

The Latino vote

While the growing Latino vote represented 40% of the district’s population, the Latino vote was about 21%. [Rojas, Aurelio. "Ethnic tensions underlie House race in south state; An African American and Latino vie in a 'black' district where the bulk of the residents are Latino." Sacramento Bee. May 13, 2007. Accessed July 16, 2007] Most major Latino leaders and organizations, including the Congressional Hispanic Caucus, also supported Orepeza.

Labor versus Indian gaming

The race can also be seen as a contest between two of California’s interest groups: Labor and Indian gaming. The two groups clashed over five tribal compacts that would doubled the number of slot machines at Indian casinos. Labor groups fought the compacts because they believed the compacts did not adequately protect workers.

Richardson had strong financial support from organized labor that included the Los Angeles County Federation of Labor , which provided volunteers to walk precincts and make phone calls in the final days of the race. The Los Angeles County Federation of Labor spent $275,000 on Richardson's campaign and put more than 1,000 union members on the street, made 45,000 phone calls and distributed 166,000 pieces of mail. [Mitchell, John L. "Racial issues take a back seat in 37th'Multiracial support has Laura Richardson poised to represent a largely Latino district. Her take: `We are a new America, very diverse.'" Los Angeles Times. July 3, 2007. Accessed July 16, 2007.] Oropeza voted for the compacts. The tribes showed their gratitude by spending $457,000 of independently on television ads in Oropeza's support. Morongo Band of Mission Indians spent $440,000 alone. [Mitchell, John L. "Racial issues take a back seat in 37th'Multiracial support has Laura Richardson poised to represent a largely Latino district. Her take: `We are a new America, very diverse.'" Los Angeles Times. July 3, 2007. Accessed July 16, 2007.]

Polling

Results

Of the 25 candidates who originally filed, 17 appeared on the ballot; running were eleven Democrats, four Republicans, one Green, and one Libertarian.

Election box candidate with party link no change
party = Democratic Party (United States)
candidate = Laura Richardson
votes = 11,956
percentage = 36.52Election box candidate with party link no change
party = Democratic Party (United States)
candidate = Jenny Oropeza
votes = 9,960
percentage = 30.43Election box candidate with party link no change
party = Democratic Party (United States)
candidate = Valerie McDonald
votes = 3,027
percentage = 9.25Election box candidate with party link no change
party = Republican Party (United States)
candidate = John Kanaley
votes = 2,425
percentage = 7.41Election box candidate with party link no change
party = Democratic Party (United States)
candidate = Peter Mathews
votes = 1,125
percentage = 3.44Election box candidate with party link no change
party = Republican Party (United States)
candidate = Teri Ramirez
votes = 612
percentage = 1.87Election box candidate with party link no change
party = Green Party (United States)
candidate = Daniel Brezenoff
votes = 391
percentage = 1.19Election box candidate with party link no change
party = Republican Party (United States)
candidate = Jeffrey Leavitt
votes = 386
percentage = 1.18Election box candidate with party link no change
party = Democratic Party (United States)
candidate = Albert Robles (write-in)
votes = 363
percentage = 1.11Election box candidate with party link no change
party = Democratic Party (United States)
candidate = Ed Wilson
votes = 362
percentage = 1.11Election box candidate with party link no change
party = Republican Party (United States)
candidate = L. J. Guillory
votes = 361
percentage = 1.10Election box candidate with party link no change
party = Libertarian Party (United States)
candidate = Herb Peters
votes = 342
percentage = 1.04Election box candidate with party link no change
party = Democratic Party (United States)
candidate = George Parmer
votes = 242
percentage = 0.74Election box candidate with party link no change
party = Democratic Party (United States)
candidate = Lee Davis
votes = 202
percentage = 0.62Election box candidate with party link no change
party = Democratic Party (United States)
candidate = Jeffrey Price
votes = 142
percentage = 0.43Election box candidate with party link no change
party = Democratic Party (United States)
candidate = Bill Grisolia
votes = 141
percentage = 0.43Election box candidate with party link no change
party = Democratic Party (United States)
candidate = Felicia Ford
votes = 122
percentage = 0.38Election box candidate with party link no change
party = Democratic Party (United States)
candidate = Marvin Evans
votes = 29
percentage = 0.09Election box invalid no change
votes = 548
percentage = 1.67Election box total no change
votes = 32,736
percentage = 100.00Election box turnout no change
percentage = 12.35

Election box winning candidate with party link no change
party = Democratic Party (United States)
candidate = Laura Richardson
votes = 15,559
percentage = 65.63Election box candidate with party link no change
party = Republican Party (United States)
candidate = John Kanaley
votes = 5,837
percentage = 24.62Election box candidate with party link no change
party = Green Party (United States)
candidate = Daniel Brezenoff
votes = 1,274
percentage = 5.37Election box candidate with party link no change
party = Libertarian Party (United States)
candidate = Herb Peters
votes = 538
percentage = 2.27Election box candidate with party link no change
party = Independent (politician)
candidate = Lee Davis (write-in)
votes = 12
percentage = 0.05Election box candidate with party link no change
party = Independent (politician)
candidate = Christopher Remple (write-in)
votes = 1
percentage = 0.00Election box invalid no change
votes = 485
percentage = 2.05Election box total no change
votes = 23,706
percentage = 100.00Election box turnout no change
percentage = 9.02Election box hold with party link without swing
winner = Democratic Party (United States)

Low turnout

Voter turnout was very low during this special election. Many voters were unaware that a special election was occurring. The absentee ballot drives were a part of both sides campaign strategies because of the expected low turnout. Over 10,000 absentee ballots were processed by the Los Angeles County registrar-recorder despite there being 265,000 registered voters. 11% of the district's 265,000 registered voters cast ballots in the primary, and only 8% cast ballots on August 21. [ [http://www.latimes.com/news/local/politics/cal/la-me-race28jun28,1,6195158.story?coll=la-news-politics-california latimes.com] ]

Analysis

While race was a factor in the results of the election, some Blacks voters and leaders supported Orepeza and some Latino voters and leaders backed Richardson. Richardson's victory in the primary did depend on Black voters but final results showed that Richardson won over many Latino voters and leaders. [Mitchell, John L. "Racial issues take a back seat in 37th;Multiracial support has Laura Richardson poised to represent a largely Latino district. Her take: `We are a new America, very diverse.'" The Los Angeles Times. July 3, 2007. Accessed July 17, 2007]

Current population estimate in California project a large increase in the Latino population in California over the next 40 years while the population of Blacks, Asian Americans, and Whites as a percentage of total population is expected to decline [ Lin, Judy. "California boomin' Dramatic changes in demographics as seen coming by midcentury." Sacramento Bee. Tuesday, July 10, 2007. Page A1. ] The dynamics of race relations in the special election could be foretelling of some political races in the future.

Interesting Election Information

*Laura Richardson during her victory speech: "It's not just about money and it's not just about the number of years you've served. It's about what's in your heart" [http://www.presstelegram.com/ci_6238425?source=most_emailed] .
*Oropeza and Richardson released polls, each showing that person in the lead [http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-race27jun27,1,2407506.story?coll=la-headlines-california] .
*Richardson was a former aide to Millender-McDonald.
*Richardson used a mailing, just days before the primary, to criticize Orepeza for missing votes, but did not mention that Oropeza missed these votes because she was being treated for cancer. Two other mailers also targeted Oropeza "for taking pay raises and claiming to have a bachelor's degree from Cal State Long Beach, when, in fact, she had failed to get credit for two classes, leaving her without a diploma." ["CA:37 Orepeza, Richardson Lead Ahead of Tuesday's Special Election." Bulletin New Newtwork, Inc. Thr Frontrunner. June 25, 2007. Accessed July 16, 2007.]
* Richardson pledged on a public access cable show candidate debate that she will not vote for any new funding for the Iraq war. After being elected, she said she had not made up her mind how she will vote.

ee also

*List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives

External links

Candidate web sites

Democratic

* [http://mathewsforcongress.com/ Peter Mathews for Congress web site]
* [http://oropeza4congress.com/ Jenny Oropeza for Congress web site]
* [http://laurarichardsonforcongress.com/ Laura Richardson for Congress web site]
* [http://www.edwilsonforcongress.com/ Ed Wilson for Congress web site]

Green

* [http://www.danielforcongress.com/ Daniel Brezenoff for Congress web site]

Libertarian

* [http://www.herbpeters.com/ Herb Peters for Congress web site]

Republican

* [http://www.kanaleyforcongress.com/ John Kanaley for Congress web site]

References

*http://www.oropeza4congress.com/endorsements.htm
*http://laurarichardsonforcongress.com/
*http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-race27jun27,1,2407506.story?coll=la-headlines-california
*http://launionaflcio.org/news/07_06_27-Unions-Help-Elect-Richardson.php
*http://smartvoter.org/sv/2007/08/21/ca/la/ballot.html