Idiotype

Idiotype

In immunology, an idiotype is a shared characteristic between a group of immunoglobulin or T cell receptor (TCR) molecules based upon the antigen binding specificity and therefore structure of their variable region. The variable region of antigen receptors of T cells (TCRs) and B cells (immunoglobulins) contains a complementarity determining region (CDR) with a unique amino acid structure that determines the antigen specificity of the receptor. The structure formed by the CDR is known as the idiotope. Immunoglobulins or TCRs with a shared idiotope are the same idiotype. Antibody idiotype is determined by
*Gene rearrangement
*Junctional diversity
*P-nucleotides (palindromic nucleotides at sites of single-strand breaks)
*N-nucleotides
*Somatic hypermutations

The term idiotype is sometimes used to describe the collection of multiple idiotopes, and therefore overall antigen binding capacity, possessed by an antibody.

ee also

* immunoglobulin allotype
* Isotype (immunology)

External links

*
*
* [http://pathmicro.med.sc.edu/mayer/IgTypes2000.htm Overview] at Medical University of South Carolina
* [http://www.cehs.siu.edu/fix/medmicro/igs.htm Overview] at Southern Illinois University Carbondale


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