- Genna
nihongo|Genna|元和 was a nihongo|
Japanese era name |年号,|"nengō",|lit. "year " name" after "Keichō " and before "Kan'ei ." This period spanned the years from1615 to1624 . The reigning emperor was nihongo|Go-Mizunoo"-tennō"|後水尾天皇. [Tittsingh, Isaac. (1834). "Annales des empereurs du japon," pp. 410-411.]Change of era
*;
1615 : The era name was changed to mark the enthronement of Go-Mizunuoo and because of disasters such as the nihongo|Siege of Osaka |大坂の役,|"Ōsaka-no-eki", or more commonly -- nihongo|Siege of Osaka|大坂の陣,|"Ōsaka-no-jin". The old era ended and a new one commenced in "Keichō" 20.The Siege of Osaka was a series of battles undertaken by the
Tokugawa shogunate against theToyotomi clan , and ending in that clan's destruction. Divided into two stages (Winter Campaign and Summer Campaign), and lasting from1614 through1615 , the siege put an end to the last major armed opposition to the establishment of an enduring Tokugawa shogunate. The end of this period of fighting is also sometimes called the nihongo|Genna Armistice|元和偃武,|"Genna-enbu" because the era name was changed from "Keichō " to "Genna" immediately following its ultimate resolution.By order of
Tokugawa Ieyasu , the era name of Emperor Xianzong ofTang China was adopted.Events of the "Genna" era
* "Genna 1" (
1615 ):Tokugawa Ieyasu and his son, Shogun Hidetada, marched again to Osaka Castle, which was captured and burned; but Hideyori managed to flee to Satsuma where he had prepared a refuge in advance.Titsingh, p. 410.]
* "Genna 1", on the 9th day of the 7th month (September 1 ,1615 ): Ieyasu pulled down Hōkoku-jinja.Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1956). "Kyoto: the Old Capital of Japan, 794-1869," p. 317.]
* "Genna 1", on the 28th day of the 7th month (1615 ): Ieyasu promulgated the "Genna-rei" in 17 clauses. [see above] ]
* "Genna 2", on the 17th day of the 4th month (1616 ): Ieyasu died atSuruga .Titsingh, p. 410.]
* "Genna 3", on the 26th day of the 8th month (1617 ): Former-Emperor Go-Yōzei died. He is buried atNikkō .Titsingh, p. 410.]
* "Genna 4", in the 8th month (1618 ): A comet appeared in the sky.Titsingh, p. 410.]
* "Genna 6", on the 6th day of the 6th month (July 15 ,1620 ): The emperor was married toTokugawa Kazuko , the daughter of Shogun Hidetada; and also in that year. [Ponsonby-Fane, p. 317; Titsingh, p. 410.]
* "Genna 6" (1620 ): There were severe fires in Mikayo on the 30th day of the 2nd month and on the 4th day of the 3rd month.Titsingh, p. 410.]
* "Genna 9", on the 12th day of the 8th month (September 6 ,1623 ): the "bakufu" raised the Imperial maintenance allowance by 10,000 "koku". [see above] ]
* "Genna 9" (1623 ):Tokugawa Iemitsu , son of Hidetada, came to the court of the emperor where he was created Shogun.Titsingh, p. 410.]References
* Ponsonby-Fane, Richard A.B. (1956). "Kyoto: the Old Capital of Japan, 794-1869." Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society.
* Screech, Timon. (2006). "Secret Memoirs of the Shoguns: Isaac Titsingh and Japan, 1779-1822." London:RoutledgeCurzon . ISBN 0-700-71720-X
* Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). [Siyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō , 1652] , "Nipon o daï itsi ran ; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon, tr. par M. Isaac Titsingh avec l'aide de plusieurs interprètes attachés au comptoir hollandais de Nangasaki; ouvrage re., complété et cor. sur l'original japonais-chinois, accompagné de notes et précédé d'un Aperçu d'histoire mythologique du Japon, par M. J. Klaproth." Paris: Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. [http://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran ... Click link for digitized, full-text copy of this book (in French)]External links
* National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" [http://www.ndl.go.jp/koyomi/e/ -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection]
Genna 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th Gregorian 1615 1616 1617 1618 1619 1620 1621 1622 1623 1624 Preceded by:
"Keichō "Era or "nengō": Genna Succeeded by:
"Kan'ei "
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