- Kyōhō
.
Change of era
*;
1716 : The era name of "Kyōhō" (meaning "Undergoing and Supporting") was created in response to the death ofTokugawa Ietsugu . The previous era ended and the new one commenced in "Shōtoku" 6, on the 22nd day of the 6th month.Events of the "Kyōhō" era
* "Kyōhō 2" (
1717 ): "Kyōhō" reforms are directed and overseen by Shogun Yoshimune. [Bowman, John Stewart. (2000). "Columbia Chronologies of Asian History and Culture," p. 142.]
* "Kyōhō 3" (1718 ): The "bakufu " repaired the Imperial mausolea.Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1956). "Kyoto: the Old Capital, 794-1869," p. 320.]
* "Kyōhō 6", in the 8th month (1718 ): The "bakufu" established a nihongo|petition-box|目安箱|"meyasubako"| at the office of the "machi-bugyō " inHeian-kyō . [see above] ]
* "Kyōhō 6" (1721 ):Edo population of 1.1 million is world's largest city. [Foreign Press Center. (1997). "Japan: Eyes on the Country, Views of the 47 Prefectures," p. 127.]
* "Kyōhō 15" (1730 ): TheTokugawa shogunate officially recognizes the Dojima Rice Market in Osaka; and bakufu supervisors ("nengyoji") are appointed to monitor the market and to collect taxes. [Adams, Thomas. (1953). "Japanese Securities Markets: A Historical Survey," p. 11.] The transactions relating to rice exchanges developed into securities exchanges, used primarily for transactions in public securities. [Adams, p. 12.] The development of improved agriculture production caused the price of rice to fall in mid-"Kyohō". [Hayami, Akira "et al." (2004) "The Economic History of Japan: 1600-1990," p.67.]
* "Kyōhō 15", on the 20th day of the 6th month (August 3 ,1730 ): A fire broke out in Muromachi and 3,790 houses were burnt. Over 30,000 looms in Nishi-jin were destroyed. The "bakufu" distributed rice. [see above] ]
* "Kyōhō 17" (1732 ): The "Kyōhō" famine was the consequence after swarms of locusts devastated crops in agricultural communities around the inland sea. [Hall, John. (1988). "The Cambridge History of Japan," p. 456.]References
* Adams, Thomas Francis Morton. (1953). "Japanese Securities Markets: A Historical Survey," Tokyo: Seihei Okuyama.
* Hall, John Whitney. (1988). "The Cambridge History of Japan," v4: "Early Modern Japan." Cambridge:Cambridge University Press . ISBN 0-5212-2357-1
* Foreign Press Center. (1997). "Japan: Eyes on the Country, Views of the 47 Prefectures." Tokyo: Foreign Press Center/Japan.
* Hayami, Akira, Osamu Saitō, Ronald P Toby. (2004) "The Economic History of Japan: 1600-1990." Oxford:Oxford University Press . ISBN 0-1982-8905-7
* Ponsonby-Fane, Richard A.B. (1956). "Kyoto: the Old Capital, 794-1869." Kyoto: Ponsonby-Fane Memorial.
* Screech, Timon. (2006). "Secret Memoirs of the Shoguns: Isaac Titsingh and Japan, 1779-1822." London:RoutledgeCurzon . ISBN 0-700-71720-X
* Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). [Siyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō , 1652] , "Nipon o daï itsi ran ; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon, tr. par M. Isaac Titsingh avec l'aide de plusieurs interprètes attachés au comptoir hollandais de Nangasaki; ouvrage re., complété et cor. sur l'original japonais-chinois, accompagné de notes et précédé d'un Aperçu d'histoire mythologique du Japon, par M. J. Klaproth." Paris: Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. [http://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran ... Click link for digitized, full-text copy of this book (in French)]External links
* National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" [http://www.ndl.go.jp/koyomi/e/ -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection]
Kyōhō 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 13th 14th 15th 16th 17th 18th 19th 20th 21st Gregorian 1716 1717 1718 1719 1720 1721 1722 1723 1724 1725 1726 1727 1728 1729 1730 1731 1732 1733 1734 1735 1736 Preceded by:
"Shōtoku"Era or "nengō": Kyōhō Succeeded by:
" Gembun"
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