Žale

Žale Central cemetery ( _sl. Centralno pokopališče Žale), or shortly Žale, is the largest and the central cemetery in Ljubljana. It is located in the Bežigrad district and operated by the Žale Public company.

History

The cemetery was built in 1906 around the Holy Cross Church. The first burial was performed in the same year on May 3, when the priest Martin Malenšek was transferred there from the old Navje cemetery.

In the World War I many of the fallen soldiers of all sides were buried in Žale. However, they were all Roman Catholics, while Protestants, Jews and Muslims were buried in Navje. In 1923 the authorities allowed Jews and Muslims to be buried in Žale too, but only on the exterior side of the cemetery wall.

In 1931 the new part of the cemetery (B part) opened. The Italian military cemetery was arranged there and many Italian soldiers were reburied from the A part. In the same year the Jewish part of the cemetery was arranged too, however it was separated from the main part by a fence. In 1939 the Ossuary of the victims of the World War I was built, where 5258 of the victims of this war as well as of the associated conflicts were later buried.

With the growth of Ljubljana the need for graves was growing too. In the 1930s the cemetery was proclaimed the central cemetery of Ljubljana and the planning of its expansion began. As the plans of the architect Ivo Spinčič failed to please the authorities, in 1936 a new design was commissioned from the architect Jože Plečnik. The new part, named "Plečnik Žale cemetery", was completed in 1940.

Till 1968 only coffin burials were performed in Žale, but in that year the "Žale Crematorium" was built and the urn burials became available too.

In 1974 with the construction of the C part the cemetery expanded again. The C part was designed by the architect Peter Kerševan. In 1988 the D part ("Nove Žale", New Žale) designed by Marko Mušič opened.

As of 2008 the cemetery measures 375.000 m² and comprises the A, B, and C parts to the right of the Tomačevo road, and the D part to the left of the road. The fifth part of the cemetery, the Plečnik Žale, is not used for burials but for pre-burial ceremonies and associated cemetery activities. More than 150.000 people have been buried at Žale, about 2000 of them prominent. The whole area of Žale has been proclaimed a cultural monument of Slovenia.

Notable people

About 2, 000 prominent people are buried in the Žale cemetery, including:

*Fran Albreht, author, editor and politician
*Vera Albreht, poet
*Vladimir Bartol, writer
*Katja Boh, sociologist, politician and diplomat
*Ivan Cankar, author and political activist
*Fran Saleški Finžgar, writer and priest
*Rihard Jakopič, painter
*Edvard Kardelj, Communist leader
*Dragotin Kette, poet
*Edvard Kocbek, poet, essayist and politician
*Milan Komar, philosopher
*Albert Kramer, politician
*Janez Evangelist Krek, politician
*Dragotin Lončar, author, politician, historian
*Janez Menart, poet
*Josip Murn Aleksandrov, poet
*Lili Novy, poet
*Anton Ocvirk, literary historian
*Anton Peterlin, physicist
*Leonid Pitamic, jurist
*Jože Plečnik, architect
*Anton Slodnjak, literary historian
*Dominik Smole, writer and playwright
*Matej Sternen, painter
*Gregor Strniša, poet
*Rudi Šeligo, writer, politician and playwright
*Josip Vidmar, literary critic
*Milan Vidmar, electrical engineer, chess player and theorist
*Angela Vode, politician, author, femminist activist
*Vitomil Zupan, writer
*Oton Župančič, poet

External links

* [http://www.burger.si/Ljubljana/VR3/Zale/uvod_ENG.html The Garden of All Saints] . 3D visualisation of Plečnik Žale by Boštjan Burger.
* [http://grobovi.zale.si/index.aspx Automatic search engine of the graves in Žale]