Henry le Chen

infobox bishopbiog
name = Henry le Chen


religion= Roman Catholic Church
See = Diocese of Aberdeen
Title = Bishop of Aberdeen
Period = 1282–1328
consecration = 1282
Predecessor = Hugh de Benin
Successor = Walter Herok
post = Precentor of Aberdeen Cathedral| ordination =
bishops =
date of birth = Mid 1200s
place of birth = North-east Scotland.
date of death = Probably Aberdeen
place of death = 1328 x 1329

Henry le Chen [le Cheyn, le Chein, Cheyne, de Chene] was a late 13th-century and early 14th-century Scoto-Norman bishop. Hector Boece claims that he was the nephew of John III Comyn, Lord of Badenoch, but no contemporary evidence supports this. [Dowden, "Bishops of Scotland", p. 108; Reid, "Cheyne , Henry (died 1328)".] Cheyne belonged to a Norman family which was well established in the north-east of Scotland, holding significant amounts of territory on the boundaries of the Earldom of Buchan.Reid, "Cheyne , Henry (died 1328)".]

Henry emerges for the first time - as Precentor of Aberdeen Cathedral - when his name occurs in a document dated to January 22 1277. [Watt, "Fasti Ecclesiae", p. 9.] Despite the fact he was only a deacon, after the death of the former bishop, Hugh de Benin, the chapter unanimously elected le Chen to be the new Bishop of Aberdeen.Dowden, "Bishops of Scotland", p. 108.] Pope Martin IV originally cancelled the election because le Chen had not been yet ordained a priest, but reversed his decision and commissioned Robert Wishart, Alan de St Edmund and William, the bishops of Glasgow, Caithness and Dunblane respectively, to consecrate le Chen after one of them had ordained him a priest.

Le Chen's strong Comyn connections meant that, in the succession dispute which followed the deaths of Alexander III of Scotland and Margaret, Maid of Norway, he firmly supported the Comyn-backed claims of John Balliol; he was one of the auditors employed by Balliol during the Great Cause. Although one of the senior royal councillors during the reign of King John Balliol, when King Edward I of England invaded and deposed King John, le Chen quickly swore an oath of fealty to Edward, and was so well trusted by the King that the latter put him in charge of the sheriffdom of Aberdeen. In the period immediately following the rebellion and usurpation of the throne by Robert de Brus [Robert the Bruce] , Earl of Carrick, in 1306, le Chen was noticebly lukewarm to the new king (now Robert I of Scotland), and at some point was temporarily deprived of the temporalities of his see, though there is no direct evidence that he suffered exile. [Dowden, "Bishops of Scotland", p. 108; Reid, "Cheyne , Henry (d. 1328)".]

In 1309 he attended Robert's first parliament and was part of the renewal of the Treaty of Perth in 1312, but Bishop Henry nevertheless held a low profile for the remainder of the decade. [Dowden, "Bishops of Scotland", pp. 108-9; Reid, "Cheyne , Henry (d. 1328)".] However, despite the complete success of the Bruce cause, no other bishop is found to be promoted, and le Chen was a loyal subject of the king by the end of the decade when he was summoned to the papal curia (August 16 1320) to account for the behaviour of his king. [Dowden, "Bishops of Scotland", pp. 109; Reid, "Cheyne , Henry (d. 1328)".] On June 16 1321, Pope John XXII excommunicated Bishop Henry, and on May 23 1322, commanded the bishops of Winchester and Dunblane to promulgate the sentence. [Dowden, "Bishops of Scotland", pp. 108-9.]

John died at an unknown date in 1329, the same year as King Robert. [Dowden, "Bishops of Scotland", p. 109; Keith, "Historical Catalogue", p. 110; Watt, "Fasti Ecclesiae", p. 2.] Pope John XXII referred to le Chen as "of good memory", meaning that Henry had been absolved of his sentence before his death. [Dowden, "Bishops of Scotland", p. 109.] He was credited with constructing a bridge over the river Don. [Keith, "Historical Catalogue", p. 110.]

Notes

References

* Dowden, John, "The Bishops of Scotland", ed. J. Maitland Thomson, (Glasgow, 1912)
* Keith, Robert, "An Historical Catalogue of the Scottish Bishops: Down to the Year 1688", (London, 1924)
* Reid, Norman H., "Cheyne , Henry (d. 1328)", in the "Oxford Dictionary of National Biography", Oxford University Press, 2004 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/5259 , accessed 21 Feb 2007]
* Watt, D.E.R., "Fasti Ecclesiae Scotinanae Medii Aevi ad annum 1638", 2nd Draft, (St Andrews, 1969)