- Harold Rugg
Harold Rugg was an educational reformer in the early to mid 1900s, associated with the
Progressive Education Movement . Originally trained in civil engineering, Rugg went on to study psychology, sociology and education at the University of Illinois. After earning his Ph.D. we went on to teach at theUniversity of Chicago and later became a professor at Teacher's College atColumbia University . He studied the creativity which he believed was vital to the learning process. He created the first textbook series and his social studies books were extremely popular in US schools. By the early forties his books fell out of favor due to a campaign run by big business organizations like theAdvertising Federation of America (AFA) and even theAmerican Legion . The cause for the controversy was that in some of Rugg's junior-high textbooks he had included some pro-socialist ideas and included some criticism of the AFA.
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