Edith Lyttelton

: "for the Australasian author, see Edith Joan Lyttleton"Dame Edith Lyttelton, GBE (born 1865, St. Petersburg, Russia - d. September 1948, UK) was a British novelist, World War I-era activist and spiritualist.

Family

Edith Sophy Balfour (daughter of Archibald Balfour, a London businessman and merchant in Russia) was educated privately and moved in the aristocratic circle of friends known as the "Souls", which included A. J. Balfour, George Curzon, Margot Tennant (later Asquith), and Alfred Lyttelton, whom she married at Bordighera on the Italian Riviera in April 1892 after the death of his first wife. Together they had two surviving children, including Oliver Lyttelton (later 1st Viscount Chandos).

Activism

During their visit to South Africa in 1900 she developed a high regard for 1st Viscount (Alfred) Milner, and helped establish the Victorian League in 1901 with Violet Markham and Violet Cecil to promote the imperial vision advocated by Milner. The League brought together high-ranking women from different sides of the political divide on the common ground of the empire. She served as its Honorary Secretary and also supported the Women's Tariff Reform Association.

She served on the Executive of the National Union of Women Workers (founded in 1895) and as Chairwoman of the Personal Service Association (founded in 1908, to alleviate distress caused by unemployment in London). At the outbreak of World War One she was a founder of the War Refugees Committee.

She was later made Deputy Director of the Women's Branch of the Ministry of Agriculture in 1917, served on the Central Committee of Women's Employment from 1916-1925, and as Vice-Chairman of the Waste Reclamation Trade Board from 1924-1931. She was also the British substitute delegate in Geneva to the League of Nations in 1923, 1926-1928, and 1931.

piritualism

After the death of her husband she became interested in spiritualism and was a member, and President from 1933 to 1934, of the council of the Society for Psychical Research. Spiritualism heavily influenced her works, "The Faculty of Communion" (1925), "Our Superconscious Mind" (1931), and "Some Cases of Prediction" (1937), as well her biography of Florence Upton (1926).

Writings

She wrote a novel, "The Sinclair Family" (1926), an account of her travels in the Far East and India, "Travelling Days" (1933), and published a biography of her former husband in March 1917. Among her seven plays, two were inspired by her campaign against 'sweated' labour, "Warp and Woof" and "The Thumbscrew".

She also translated Edmond Rostand's "Les deux pierrots". She was encouraged by her close friendship with George Bernard Shaw and Mrs. Patrick Campbell. After 1918 she also lobbied for the foundation of a national theatre in London and was a member of the Executive Committee of the Shakespeare Memorial National Theatre.

Honours

She was made a DBE in 1917 and a GBE in 1929.

Death

She died in September 1948 of undisclosed causes.

External links

* [http://janus.lib.cam.ac.uk/db/node.xsp?id=EAD%2FGBR%2F0014%2FCHAN Biography]