Stachybotrys

Stachybotrys

Taxobox
name = "Stachybotrys"
regnum = Fungi
phylum = Ascomycota
classis = Sordariomycetes
ordo = Hypocreales
familia = Dematiaceae
genus = "Stachybotrys"
subdivision_ranks = Species
subdivision ="S. chartarum" "S. cylindrospora"

"Stachybotrys" is a genus of molds, or asexually-reproducing, filamentous fungi. Closely related to the genus "Memnoniella",cite journal | author = Haugland, RA, Vesper SJ, Harmon SM| title = Phylogenetic relationships of Memnoniella and Stachybotrys species and evaluation of morphological features for Memnoniella species identification | journal =Mycologia | year = 2001 | volume = 93 | pages = 54–65 | url=| doi = 10.2307/3761605 ] cite journal |author=Castlebury L, Rossman A, Sung G, Hyten A, Spatafora J |title=Multigene phylogeny reveals new lineage for Stachybotrys chartarum, the indoor air fungus |journal=Mycol Res |volume=108 |issue=Pt 8 |pages=864–72 |year=2004 |pmid=15449591 |doi=10.1017/S0953756204000607] most "Stachybotrys" species inhabit materials rich in cellulose.

The most infamous species, "S. chartarum" (also known as "S. atra") is known as "black mold" or "toxic black mold," and is frequently associated with poor indoor air quality that arises after fungal growth on water-damaged building materials.cite journal |author=Fog Nielsen K |title=Mycotoxin production by indoor molds |journal=Fungal Genet Biol |volume=39 |issue=2 |pages=103–17 |year=2003 |pmid=12781669 |doi=10.1016/S1087-1845(03)00026-4] It is known to produce trichothecene mycotoxins including satratoxins.

Pathogenicity

ymptoms of "Stachybotrys" exposure in humans

Exposure to the mycotoxins present in "Stachybotrys chartarum" or "Stachybotrys atra" can have a wide range of effects. Depending on the length of exposure and volume of spores inhaled or ingested, symptoms can manifest as chronic fatigue or headaches, fever, irritation to the eyes, mucous membranes of the mouth, nose and throat, sneezing, rashes, and chronic coughing. In severe cases of exposure or cases exacerbated by allergic reaction, symptoms can be extreme including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and bleeding in the lungs and nose. cite book | author = Richard F. Progovitz | title = Black Mold Your Health and Your Home. | page = 97 | url=http://theforagerpress.com/bookstore/blackmold/blackmold.htm ]

See also

*Bioaerosol
*Indoor air quality
*Mold growth, assessment, and remediation
*Mold health issues
*Sick Building Syndrome

References

Further reading

* "Black Mold: Your Health and Your Home" (2003) ISBN 0974394394

External links

* [http://theforagerpress.com/bookstore/blackmold/moldinfo.htm The Black Mold Resources Page]
* [http://www.doctorfungus.org/thefungi/stachybotrys.htm Stachybotrys at Doctor Fungus]


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