Alfred Hershey

Alfred Hershey

Infobox Scientist
name = Alfred Hershey
box_width =


image_size =150px
caption = Alfred D. Hershey in 1969
birth_date = December 4, 1908
birth_place = Owosso, Michigan
death_date = May 22 1997
death_place =
residence =
citizenship =
nationality = United States
ethnicity =
field = bacteriology genetics
work_institutions =
alma_mater = Michigan State University
doctoral_advisor =
doctoral_students =
known_for = bacteriophages
author_abbrev_bot =
author_abbrev_zoo =
influences =
influenced =
prizes = Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1969
religion =
footnotes =

Alfred Day Hershey (December 4, 1908 – May 22 1997) was an American Nobel Prize-winning bacteriologist and geneticist.

He was born in Owosso, Michigan and received his B.S. in chemistry at Michigan State University in 1930 and his Ph.D. in bacteriology in 1934, taking a position shortly thereafter at the Department of Bacteriology at Washington University in St. Louis.

He began performing experiments with bacteriophages with Italian-American Salvador Luria and German Max Delbrück in 1940, and observed that when two different strains of bacteriophage have infected the same bacteria, the two viruses may exchange genetic information.

He moved to Cold Spring Harbor, New York, in 1950 to join the Carnegie Institution of Washington's Department of Genetics, where he performed the famous Hershey-Chase blender experiment with Martha Chase in 1952. This experiment provided additional evidence that DNA, not protein, was the genetic material.

He became director of the Carnegie Institution in 1962 and was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1969, shared with Luria and Delbrück for their discovery on the replication of viruses and their genetic structure.

Hershey had one son, Peter, with his wife Harriet.

After Hershey died, another phage worker, Frank Stahl, wrote: "The Phage Church, as we were sometimes called, was led by the Trinity of Delbrück, Luria, and Hershey. Delbrück's status as founder and his "ex cathedra" manner made him the pope, of course, and Luria was the hard-working, socially sensitive priest-confessor. And Al (Hershey) was the saint." [http://www.nap.edu/readingroom/books/biomems/ahershey.html]

References

*cite journal
quotes = yes
last=Stahl
first=F W
authorlink=
year=2001|month=
title=Alfred Day Hershey
journal=Biographical memoirs. National Academy of Sciences (U.S.)
volume=80
issue=
pages=142-59
publisher= |location = United States| issn = | pmid = 15202470
bibcode = | oclc =| id = | url = | language = | format = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote =
*cite journal
quotes = yes
last=Shampo
first=Marc A
authorlink=
coauthors=Kyle Robert A
year=2004|month=May.
title=Alfred Hershey--Nobel Prize for work in virology
journal=Mayo Clin. Proc.
volume=79
issue=5
pages=590
publisher= |location = United States| issn = 0025-6196| pmid = 15132399
bibcode = | oclc =| id = | url = | language = | format = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote =
*cite journal
quotes = yes
last=Shampo
first=M A
authorlink=
coauthors=Kyle R A
year=1999|month=Nov.
title=Max Delbrück and molecular genetics
journal=Mayo Clin. Proc.
volume=74
issue=11
pages=1124
publisher= |location = UNITED STATES| issn = 0025-6196| pmid = 10560600
bibcode = | oclc =| id = | url = | language = | format = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote =
*cite journal
quotes = yes
last=Raju
first=T N
authorlink=
year=1999|month=Aug.
title=The Nobel chronicles. 1969: Max Delbrück (1906-81); Salvador Luria (1912-91); and Alfred Hershey (1908-97)
journal=Lancet
volume=354
issue=9180
pages=784
publisher= |location = ENGLAND| issn = 0140-6736| pmid = 10475234
bibcode = | oclc =| id = | url = | language = | format = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote =
*cite journal
quotes = yes
last=Campbell
first=A
authorlink=
coauthors=Stahl F W
year=1998|month=
title=Alfred D. Hershey
journal=Annu. Rev. Genet.
volume=32
issue=
pages=1-6
publisher= |location = UNITED STATES| issn = 0066-4197| pmid = 9928472
doi = 10.1146/annurev.genet.32.1.1
bibcode = | oclc =| id = | url = | language = | format = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote =
*cite journal
quotes = yes
last=Stahl
first=F W
authorlink=
year=1998|month=May.
title=Hershey
journal=Genetics
volume=149
issue=1
pages=1-6
publisher= |location = UNITED STATES| issn = 0016-6731| pmid = 9584081
bibcode = | oclc =| id = | url = | language = | format = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote =
*cite journal
quotes = yes
last=Cairns
first=J
authorlink=
year=1997|month=Jul.
title=Alfred Hershey (1908-97)
journal=Nature
volume=388
issue=6638
pages=130
publisher= |location = ENGLAND| issn = 0028-0836| pmid = 9217149
doi = 10.1038/40529
bibcode = | oclc =| id = | url = | language = | format = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote =
*cite journal
quotes = yes
year=1970|month=Feb.
title= [Nobel prize winners of 1969]
journal=Orvosi hetilap
volume=111
issue=8
pages=453-5
publisher= |location = HUNGARY| issn = 0030-6002| pmid = 4906087
bibcode = | oclc =| id = | url = | language = | format = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote =
*cite journal
quotes = yes
last=Datta
first=R K
authorlink=
coauthors=Datta B
year=1969|month=Dec.
title=Nobel prize winners in medicine
journal=Journal of the Indian Medical Association
volume=53
issue=12
pages=610-1
publisher= |location = INDIA| issn = 0019-5847| pmid = 4903713
bibcode = | oclc =| id = | url = | language = | format = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote =
*cite journal
quotes = yes
last=de Haan
first=P G
authorlink=
year=1969|month=Dec.
title= [Delbrück, Hershey and Luria, Nobel Prize winners]
journal=Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde
volume=113
issue=49
pages=2198-9
publisher= |location = NETHERLANDS| issn = 0028-2162| pmid = 4903007
bibcode = | oclc =| id = | url = | language = | format = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote =
*cite journal
quotes = yes
last=Malmgren
first=B
authorlink=
year=1969|month=Oct.
title= [The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine to 3 bacteriophage researchers]
journal=Nordisk medicin
volume=82
issue=44
pages=1369-75
publisher= |location = SWEDEN| issn = 0029-1420| pmid = 4903832
bibcode = | oclc =| id = | url = | language = | format = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote =

External links

* [http://nobelprize.org/medicine/laureates/1969/hershey-bio.html Nobel biography]
* [http://www.nap.edu/readingroom/books/biomems/ahershey.html Biographical Memoir: Alfred Day Hershey] by Franklin W. Stahl for the National Academy of Sciences


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