Samson of Chinon

Samson of Chinon

Samson ben Isaac of Chinon (c. 1260 – c. 1330) (Hebrew: שמשון מקינון) was a French Talmudist who lived at Chinon. In Talmudic literature he is generally called after his native place, Chinon (Hebr. קינון), and sometimes by the abbreviation MaHaRShaḲ. He was a contemporary of Perez Kohen Gerondi, who, as reported by Isaac ben Sheshet, declared Samson to be the greatest rabbinical authority of his time (Responsa, No. 157).

Works

Samson was the author of the following works:
* "Sefer Keritut" (Constantinople, 1515), a methodology of the Talmud divided into five parts:
** "Bet Middot," treating of the thirteen rules of R. Ishmael
** "Bet ha-Miḳdash," on the rules for deductions by analogy and conclusions a fortiori
** "Netibot 'Olam," containing explanations of the 32 rules of R. Eliezer ben Jose ha-Gelili
** "Yemot 'Olam," giving the names of the Tannaim and Amoraim, and setting forth a method for deciding between the contrary opinions of two doctors
** "Leshon Limmudim," explanations of certain halakic decisions. The "Sefer Keritut," owing to its easy style and its author's great authority, became a classic. * "Ḳonṭres," a commentary on the Talmudic treatises Erubin and Abodah Zarah; mentioned in the "Sefer Keritut."
* "Bi'ur ha-Geṭ" (Vienna MS. No. 48), on the laws concerning divorce.

Samson wrote also responsa, several of which are quoted by Joseph Colon (Responsa, No. 187) and Solomon ben Adret (Responsa, iii., No. 1; iv., No. 152). According to Gross, Samson was the author of the supercommentary on Ibn Ezra's commentary on the Pentateuch found by Judah Mosconi at Perpignan between 1363 and 1375 (Halberstam MS.). As regards the word (ממרשילאה = "of Marseilles"), which appears in the manuscript after the name Samson of Chinon, Gross believes that Samson settled at Marseilles after the banishment of the Jews from France.

Jewish Encyclopedia bibliography

*Azulai, Shem ha-Gedolim, i. 182;
*Leopold Zunz, Z. G. p. 44;
*S.D. Luzzatto, Halikot Kedem, p. 46;
*Halberstam, in Jeshurun, 1866, pp. 167-168; Magazin, iii. 47;
*Ernest Renan-Adolf Neubauer, "Les Rabbins Français", p. 461;
*Henri Gross, "Gallia Judaica", pp. 581 et seq.

External links

* [http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=126&letter=S&search=Samson%20of%20Chinon Jewish Encyclopedia article for Samson of Chinon] , by Wilhelm Bacher and Isaac Broydé.

References

*JewishEncyclopedia


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем сделать НИР

Look at other dictionaries:

  • SAMSON BEN ISAAC OF CHINON — (14th century), one of the last French tosafists. Samson was nevertheless the first tosafist to write a work on talmudic methodology, Sefer Keritut. In it he incorporated the whole of the methodological material embodied in the tosafot literature …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • CHINON — (Heb. קִינוֹן), town in central France, southwest of tours . Jews are found in Chinon from the second half of the 12th century. At the beginning of the 13th century there was evidently a community of some importance, paying in 1217 a taille of… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • NETHANEL OF CHINON — NETHANEL OF CHINON, French tosafist of the first half of the 13th century. Nethanel is mentioned several times in the standard tosafot (e.g., Beẓah 3a) and is probably identical with the Nethanel and the Nethanel ha Kadosh ( the saint –so called… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • Tosafot — The Tosafot or Tosafos ( he. תוספות) are mediæval commentaries on the Talmud. They take the form of critical and explanatory glosses, printed, in almost all Talmud editions, on the outer margin and opposite Rashi s notes. The authors of the… …   Wikipedia

  • Talmudical Hermeneutics — (Hebrew: approximately, מידות שהתורה נדרשת בהן) refers to the science which defines the rules and methods for the investigation and exact determination of the meaning of the Scriptures, both legal and historical. Since the Halakah, however, is… …   Wikipedia

  • Talmud — Rabbinic Literature Talmudic literature Mishnah • Tosefta Jerusalem Talmud • Babylonian Talmud Minor tractates Halakhic Midrash Mekhilta de Rabbi Yishmael (Exodus) Mekhilta de Rabbi Shimon (Exodus) Sifra (Leviticus) Sifre (Numbers Deuteronomy) …   Wikipedia

  • Eliezer ben Jose — (Heb. Eliezer ben Yose ha Gelili ) was a Jewish rabbi who lived in Judea in the second century. He was the son of Jose the Galilean, and is regarded as a Tanna of the fourth generation. He was a pupil of Rabbi Akiba (Ber. 63b; Cant. R. ii. 5;… …   Wikipedia

  • Joseph ibn Verga — (Hebrew: יוסף אבן וירגה) was a Turkish rabbi and historian who lived at Adrianople at the beginning of the 16th century.He was the son of Solomon ibn Verga, author of Shebeṭ Yehudah, who emigrated from Spain to Turkey as a Marrano. Joseph was a… …   Wikipedia

  • Baraita on the Thirty-two Rules — The Baraita on the Thirty two Rules or Baraita of R. Eliezer ben Jose ha Gelili is a baraita giving the 32 hermeneutic rules according to which the Bible is interpreted. It is no longer extent except in references by later authorities. Abul Walid …   Wikipedia

  • Droit Talmudique — Les Juifs et le judaïsme Généralités Qui est Juif ? · Terminologie · Conversion Judaïsme : Principes de foi Noms de Dieu dans le judaïsme Tanakh (Bible hébraïque) : Torah · …   Wikipédia en Français

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
… Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”