Eugene Odum

Infobox_Scientist
name = Eugene Pleasants Odum


image_width =
caption =
birth_date =birth date|1913|09|17|mf=y
birth_place = Newport, New Hampshire, USA
residence = USA
nationality = American
death_date = death date and age|2002|08|10|1913|09|17|mf=y
death_place = Athens, Georgia, USA
field = mathematician, ecologist, natural philosopher, and systems ecologist
work_institution = University of Georgia
alma_mater = University of Illinois (Ph.D.)
known_for = pioneering the concept of the ecosystem; the interdependence of divergent ecosystems as the basis of how the earth was designed to function
prizes =
religion =
footnotes =

Eugene Pleasants Odum (September 17, 1913 - August 10, 2002) was an American scientist known for his pioneering work on ecosystem ecology.

The average schoolchild of today knows that humans (along with other life forms) depend on adequate conditions of food, water, and shelter from inclement elements, for instance, and also that weather, geological, and biological factors (among others) are involved in the web of life that affords this environment. Further, the average schoolchild of today has heard the word "ecology." But back in the 1940s and 1950s, "ecology" was not yet a field of study that had been defined as a separate discipline. Even professional biologists seemed to Odum to be generally under-educated about how the Earth's ecological systems interact with one another. Odum brought forward the importance of ecology as a discipline that should be a fundamental dimension of the training of a biologist.

Life and work

Son of the sociologist, Howard W. Odum, and brother of Howard T. Odum, E.P. Odum credited his father for imparting to him a holistic approach to looking at things. When contemplating his advanced education, he rejected both the University of Michigan and Cornell University, as he did not feel that this holism was embodied in their approach to their biology departments. Instead, he chose the Graduate Department of Zoology at the University of Illinois where he earned his doctorate degree. He had one son William with his wife Martha.

Upon his graduation, Odum took up a teaching position in the University of Georgia in 1940.cite web |first= Tom |last=Marine |url= http://media.www.redandblack.com/media/storage/paper871/news/2007/12/07/News/Ecology.School.small.With.Big.Ideas-3138016.shtml |title=Ecology school 'small with big ideas' |work=The Red and Black |date=December 7, 2007 |publisher=The Red and Black Publishing Company |accessdate=2008-03-25] In the late 1940s, while serving on the University's biology faculty committee, which was then drawing up a new curriculum, he perceived an urgent need to incorporate the subject of ecology when he found that his colleagues generally did not know what ecology (in its own right) might be.

Odum adopted and developed further the term "ecosystem". Although, sometimes said to have been coined by Raymond Lindeman in 1942, others assert that the term, "ecosystem", first appeared in a 1935 publication by the British ecologist, Arthur Tansley,Tansley AG (1935) The use and abuse of vegetational concepts and terms. Ecology 16, 284-307.] and had in 1930 been coined by Tansley's colleague, Roy Clapham. Before Odum, the ecology of specific organisms and environments had been studied on a more limited scale within individual sub-disciplines of biology. Many scientists doubted that it could be studied on a large scale, or as a discipline in itself. Odum wrote a textbook on ecology with his brother, Howard Thomas Odum, a graduate student at Yale. The Odum brothers' book (first edition, 1953), "Fundamentals of Ecology", was the only textbook in the field for about ten years. Among other things, the Odums explored how one natural system can interact with another. Their book has since been revised and expanded.

While Odum did wish to influence the knowledge base and thinking of fellow biologists, and college and university students, his historical role was not as a promoter of public environmentalism as we now know it. However, his dedication in his 1963 book, "Ecology", expressed that his father had inspired him to "seek more harmonious relationships between man and nature". By 1970, when the first Earth Day was organized, Odum's conception of the living Earth as a global set of interlaced ecosystems became one of the key insights of the environmental movement that has since spread through the world. He was, however, an independent thinker who was at times, gently critical of the slogans and fashionable concepts of the environmentalist movement.

After he died, Odum's will stipulated that his 26-acres on the Middle Oconee River in Athens, Ga. would be sold, and developed according to plans he laid out before his death. The plans included that over 50 percent of the property would be protected greenspace and walking trails, managed by the Oconee River Land Trust. Profits from the sale of the land would go to the Eugene and William Odum Ecology Fund, after $1 million is set aside for a professorial chair at UGA in Odum's name. The land was sold to builder John Willis Homes who is honoring Dr. Odum’s wishes at Beech Creek Preserve.cite web |url=http://www.beechcreekpreserve.com |title= Beech Creek Preserve Official site |accessdate=2008-03-25]

In 2007, the Institute of Ecology, which Odum founded at the University of Georgia, became the Odum School of Ecology, the first stand-alone academic unit of a research university dedicated to ecology.

Books

*"Fundamentals of Ecology" (with Howard Odum)
*"Ecology"
*"Basic Ecology"
*"Ecology and Our Endangered Life Support Systems"
*"Ecological Vignettes: Ecological Approaches to Dealing with Human Predicament"
*"Essence of Place" (co-authored with Martha Odum)

Full-text online articles

* [http://habitat.aq.upm.es/boletin/n26/aeodu.en.html The Strategy of Ecosystem Development]
* [http://www.pnas.org/cgi/reprint/45/4/617.pdf Comparison of population energy flow of a herbivorous and a deposit-feeding invertebrate in a salt marsh ecosystem] (with Alfred E. Smalley)

References

Persondata
NAME=Odum, Eugene
ALTERNATIVE NAMES=Odum, Eugene Pleasants
SHORT DESCRIPTION=mathematician, ecologist, natural philosopher, and systems ecologist
DATE OF BIRTH=
PLACE OF BIRTH=Newport, New Hampshire, United States
DATE OF DEATH=August 10, 2002
PLACE OF DEATH=Athens, Georgia, United States