Anemone

Taxobox


image_width = 240px
image_caption = Classic "Anemone coronaria"
regnum = Plantae
divisio = Magnoliophyta
classis = Magnoliopsida
ordo = Ranunculales
familia = Ranunculaceae
genus = "Anemone"
genus_authority = L.
type_species ="Anemone coronaria" L.
subdivision_ranks = Species
subdivision = "See text."
synonyms = "Anemoclema" (Franch.) W. T. Wang "Anemonastrum" Holub "Anemonidium" (Spach) Holub "Anetilla" Galushko "Arsenjevia" Starod. "Eriocapitella" Nakai "Jurtsevia" Á. Löve & D. Löve Probable synonyms: "Barneoudia" Gay "Hepatica" Mill. "Knowltonia" Salisb. "Miyakea" Miyabe & Tatew. "Oreithales" Schltdl. "Pulsatilla" Mill. Sources: GRIN,cite web
url = http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?664
title = Genus: "Anemone" L.
accessdate = 2008-05-15
author = Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN)
authorlink = Germplasm Resources Information Network
date = 2007-05-10
format = HTML
work = Taxonomy for Plants
publisher = USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program, National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland ] ING,cite web
url = http://botany.si.edu/ing/INGsearch.cfm?searchword=Anemone
title = Plant Name Search Results
accessdate = 2008-04-18
author = International Organization for Plant Information (IOPI)
format = HTML
work = International Plant Names Index ] FNAcite journal
journal =Flora of North America
title = 5. Anemone Linnaeus
volume =3
url =http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=101733
accessdate = 2008-05-16 ]

"Anemone" ("A-ne-mó-ne", from the Gr. Άνεμος, wind), is a genus of about 120 species of flowering plants in the buttercup family Ranunculaceae in the north and south temperate zones. They are closely related to Pasque flower ("Pulsatilla") and Hepatica ("Hepatica"); some botanists include both of these genera within "Anemone".

Description

"Anemone" are perennial herbs; plants which grow from rhizomes, caudices or tubers. Leaves grow from the base and can be simple, compound or attached with a leaf stalk. Terminal inflorescences with two to nine flowered cymes or umbels, or solitary flowers that depending on the species can be up to 60 centimeters tall. The flowers are bisexual and radially symmetric. The sepals are not persistent in fruit, and can be white, purple, blue, green, yellow, pink or red. Fruits are achenes.

pecies list

There are approximately 150 species, including:

Cultivation

Many of the species are favourite garden plants; among the best known is "Anemone coronaria", often called the poppy anemone, a tuberous-rooted plant, with parsley-like divided leaves, and large showy poppy-like blossoms on stalks of from 15–20 cm high; the flowers are of various colours, but the principal are scarlet, crimson, blue, purple and white. There are also double-flowered varieties, in which the stamens in the centre are replaced by a tuft of narrow petals. It is an old garden favourite, and of the double forms there are named varieties. Fact|date=May 2008

They grow best in a loamy soil, enriched with well-rotted manure, which should be dug in below the tubers. These may be planted in October, and for succession in January, the autumn-planted ones being protected by a covering of leaves or short stable litter. They will flower in May and June, and when the leaves have ripened should be taken up into a dry room till planting time. They are easily raised from the seed, and a bed of the single varieties is a valuable addition to a flower-garden, as it affords, in a warm situation, an abundance of handsome and often brilliant spring flowers, almost as early as the snowdrop or crocus. Anemone thrives in partial shade, or in full sun provided they are shielded from the hottest sun in southern areas. A well-drained slightly acid soil, enriched with compost, is ideal.Fact|date=May 2008

The genus contains many other spring-flowering plants, of which "A. hortensis" and "A. fulgens" have less divided leaves and splendid rosy-purple or scarlet flowers; they require similar treatment. "Anemone hupehensis", and its white cultivar 'Honorine Joubert', the latter especially, are amongst the finest of autumn-flowering hardy perennials; they grow well in light soil, and reach 60–100 cm in height, blooming continually for several weeks. A group of dwarf species, represented by the native British "A. nemorosa" and "A. apennina", are amongst the most beautiful of spring flowers for planting in woods and shady places.Fact|date=May 2008

"Anemone" species are sometimes targeted by cutworms, the larvae of noctuid moths such as Angle Shades and Heart and Dart.Fact|date=May 2008

History and symbolism

The meaning of the anemone flower is "forsaken" and also "a dying hope". The flower "Anemone" could also be used to signify Anticipation.Fact|date=May 2008

The "Anemone coronaria" ("Kalanit" in Hebrew) is one of the most well known and beloved flowers in Israel. During the British Mandate of Palestine British soldiers were nicknamed "Kalaniyot" for their red berrets.Fact|date=May 2008

The anemone is called the wind flower because it was believed that wind is what caused it to bloom.Fact|date=September 2008

References

*1911

External links

*1913
*ITIS|ID=18425|taxon="Anemone" L. |year=2008|date=15 May
*cite web
url = http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=ANEMO
title = PLANTS Profile, "Anemone" L.
accessdate = 2008-05-16
author = Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS)
authorlink = Natural Resources Conservation Service
format = HTML
work = The PLANTS Database
publisher = United States Department of Agriculture