The Valentines (doo-wop band)

The Valentines were one of the most highly regarded American Doo Wop groups from the mid 1950s. Their records are highly sought by collectors.

Although they never had a record on the national hit parades, they were extremely popular in New York and the East Coast in general and had many regional big sellers. The stage performances of the group were sellouts and their harmonizing and choreography in sequence were amongst the most accomplished of their time. Influenced both musically and in their showmanship by The Cadillacs, The Solitaires, and The Flamingos, The Valentines were able to contribute an innovative stage presentation, outstanding vocals, and some unique performances.

The Valentines served as a launching pad for important careers. Their brilliant choreography made them one of the most cherished groups on the East Coast.

Early days

The group first formed in 1952 in the Sugar Hill district of Harlem as a quartet, harmonizing on the corner of 151st Street and Amsterdam Avenue. The original group comprised Raymond "Pop" Briggs (first tenor), Carl Hogan (second tenor), Mickey Francis (baritone), and Ronnie Bright (bass) calling themselves The Mistletoes; sometime afterwards they changed their names to The Dreamers.

The quintet

While performing at a house party in 1954 they met a young singer-songwriter named Richard Barrett from Philadelphia who had sung with a group called The Angels (on Grand). An alternative version given by Phil Groia, in "They All Sang on the Corner", states that the group actually met Barrett while he was serenading lovers in a park with his ukulele. Barrett was invited to join the group because they wanted his song "Summer Love", and Richard’s distinctive lead vocals. The original tone of his voice gave the Valentines a sound that is still appreciated today. Now a quintet, The Dreamers adopted the name, The Valentines, taken from the title of Mickey Francis' favorite song "My Funny Valentine". At this point their friend Raoul Cita of The Harptones brought them to Monte Bruce of Bruce Records where they did a "Summer Love" demo. Although DJ and unofficial mayor of Harlem Willie Bryant played the tape on local radio station WOV for a month, Bruce never issued it or recorded the group again. At this time, before the arrival of Alan Freed, New York Rhythm and Blues radio was dominated by Tommy ("Dr Jive") Smalls on WWRL.

The group did not have a contract with Bruce and when they came to the attention of Hy Weiss of Old Town Records he was able to sign them. Donald Razor from The Velvets (on Red Robin) came in to replace Hogan who was proving unreliable. In December 1954, Weiss issued the superb Barrett-penned love song, "Tonight Kathleen", backed with a re-cut of "Summer Love". Although popular locally, this ballad did not chart due to Old Town's poor distribution at this early time in their trading, and it has become a very rare record. Following this disappointment the group concentrated on their stage-work and built on their popularity.

In mid-1955, Eddie Edgehill replaced Donald Razor as second tenor and the group moved to George Goldner's Rama label where they issued the chime harmonied rocker "Lily Maebelle" in September. In all probability Barrett and Briggs wrote the song about Pop Brigg's sister Lil. This recording was punctuated by Jimmy Wright's energetic sax break, which was a common feature of many recordings on Goldner's labels, Rama and Gee. The recording became an East Coast favorite and the group made many appearances on Alan Freed shows at the Academy of Music and Brooklyn Paramount. They also performed at the Apollo, Howard, and Royal Theatres, and with shows hosted by other famous DJs of the time, Hal Jackson and "Jocko" (Douglas Henderson). At this point the group began appearing on stage with what was to become their trademark - white jackets with red cloth hearts ("valentines") on the pockets, red shirts and pink bowties. Borrowing heavily from The Cadillacs and Solitaires, Richard Barrett and The Valentines developed a dynamic stage routine.

Their next releases were "I Love You Darling" followed by the holiday ballad "Christmas Prayer". In April 1956 came their biggest hit, "The Woo Woo Train". This raw and spontaneous up-tempo number became a favourite of Alan Freed’s and he opened his shows with The Valentines coming onstage in a chugging conga line, like the carriages on a steam train. The vibrant stage performances of The Valentines have been captured on recording and photographically, but unfortunately no moving film survives.

Marv Goldberg maintains that The Valentines also sang on The Wrens' "C'est La Vie", at the "Woo Woo" session, but were not credited. If this is true, there are nine voices on this R&B classic. Mitch Rosalsky refutes this claim. Marv Goldberg's article is based on an interview with Ronnie Bright in 1977. Rosalsky, however, bases his evidence on the memory of The Wrens' Bobby Mansfield in 2000.

The outstanding ballads "Twenty Minutes (Before the Hour)" and "Natures Creation" followed, but were not widely appreciated at the time. At the group's final session, Carl Hogan returned to replace Eddie Edgehill, and David Clowney from The Pearls (on Onyx) took Raymond Briggs' place. Another fine ballad, "Don't Say Goodnight", was cut but had little sales success.

Disbanding

The group decided to disband in 1958 after one final appearance at the Apollo theater, due to a combination of disillusionment with poor promotion on the part of the Rama label and the desire of Richard Barrett to turn to management and production. Richard Barrett became manager of Frankie Lymon and The Teenagers and discovered The Chantels. He became A&R Director for Goldner's End and Gone labels and recorded acts like The Teenagers and The Chantels and other acts such as Little Anthony and The Imperials, and later The Third Degrees.

Carl Hogan went on to sing with The Miracles on Fury (not the "Smokey Robinson" group on End and Tamla) and co-wrote many hits with Richard Barrett. David Clowny became Dave "Baby" Cortez and had the number one popular hit "Happy Organ" in 1959 as well as performing with many Doo Wop groups such as The Jesters and The Paragons. Bass Ronnie Bright sang with The Cadillacs for a while, and then became a studio vocalist. He was Johnny Cymbal’s "Mr. Bass Man" on the 1963 smash of the same name. He then sang for The Deep River Boys and Carl Gardner's Coasters.

Discography

*1954 TONIGHT KATHLEEN/SUMMER LOVE (Old Town 1009)
*1955 LILY MAEBELLE/FALLING FOR YOU (Rama 171)
*1955 I LOVE YOU DARLING/HAND ME DOWN LOVE (Rama 181)
*1955 A CHRISTMAS PRAYER/KISS ME (Rama 186)
*1956 C’EST LA VIE/ C’EST LA VIE With the Wrens (nor credited) (Rama 194)
*1956 THE WOO WOO TRAIN/WHY (Rama 196)
*1956 20 MINUTES BEFORE THE HOUR/I’LL NEVER LET YOU GO (Rama 201)
*1956 NATURE’S CREATION/MY STORY OF LOVE (Rama 208)
*1957 DON’T SAY GOODNIGHT/I CRIED OH OH (Rama 228)

The Jimmy Wright Orchestra played on the Rama sessions.

Most of The Valentines material can be found on the Murray Hill or Collectables LPs. The Collectables CD is the same as the LP and contains all the issued material except “Tonight Kathleen”, “Summer Love”, “A Christmas Prayer” and “I Cried Oh Oh”. The excellent Old Town Doo Wop CD Vol.1 has “Tonight Kathleen” and the Rhino Doo Wop Boxed sets contain “Lily Maebelle” (Box 1), “The Woo Woo Train” (Box 2) and “Don’t Say Goodnight” (Box 3).

Bibliography

*No author. “The Valentines” Rhythm and News, No. 7, p.7 (From Murray Hill LP liner notes).
*No author. “The Best of the Valentines”, The Valentines Collectables CD liner notes. 1991.
*Goldberg, Marv and Whitesell, Rick. “The Valentines”, Yesterday’s Memories, Vol. 3, No.4, pp. 15-17. 1977.
*Groia, Phillip. They All Sang On The Corner. Phillie Dee Enterprises : New York. 1983.
*Haymes, Chris. Big Beat of the 50s, No. 87, pp. 16-17.2002.
*Rosalsky, Mitch. Encyclopedia of Rhythm & Blues and Doo Wop Vocal Groups. Scarecrow Press : Boston, 2000.
*Warner, Jay. The Billboard Book of American Singing Groups, a History 1940 – 1990. Billboard Books : New York, 1992.