Robert Erickson

Robert Erickson (March 7, 1917 in Marquette, Michigan–April 24, 1997 in San Diego, California) was an American composer.

He studied with Ernst Krenek from 1936-1947: "I had already studied—and abandoned—the twelve tone system before most other Americans had taken it up." He influenced notable students Morton Subotnick, Pauline Oliveros, Terry Riley, and Paul Dresher. He is also the author of "The Structure of Music: A Listener's Guide", which he claimed helped him overcome a "contrapuntal obsession",Erickson, Robert. Quoted in "Robert Erickson: Sierra & Other Works" (1991 CRI CD 616). Liner notes by Alan Rich, Music Critic, L.A. Daily News.] and "Sound Structures in Music" (1975).

He taught at the College of St. Catherine in St. Paul, Minnesota, San Francisco State College, University of California at Berkeley, and then the San Francisco Conservatory. Together with composer Wilbur Ogdon he founded the music department at the University of California San Diego in 1967: "We decided we wanted a department where composers could feel at home, the way scholars feel at home in other schools." While there he met faculty performers such as bassist Bertram Turetzky, trumpeter Edwin Harkins, flutist Bernhard Batschelet, and singer Carol Plantamura: "I could go to Bert, or Ed, with something I'd written down and ask 'Hey, can you do this?' And I'd get an immediate answer. It was a fabulous time for cross-feeding." He also helped start the San Francisco Tape Music Center. Pauline Oliveros, among others, praises his teaching:

Erickson was one of the first American composers to create tape music: "If you get right down to the bottom of what composers do, I think that what composers do now and have always done is to compose their environment in some sense. So I get a special little lift about working with environmental sounds." He also has used invented instruments such as stroking rods, used in "Taffy Time", "Cardinitas 68", and "Roddy" (electronic tape composition), tube drums, used in "Cradle", "Cradle II", and "Tube Drum Studies", and the Percussion Loops Console designed with Ron George, used in "Pecussion Loops".

Many UCSD faculty performers appear on his 1991 CRI release "Robert Erickson: Sierra & Other Works" (CD 616), playing works written for and with them:
#"Kryl" (1977), Harkins, named after the travelling cornet player Bohumir Kryl. The piece from time to time creates a hocket between the singing and playing.
#"Ricercar À 3" (1967), Turetzky. For bass soloist live and on two tape tracks.
#"Postcards" (1981), Plantamura and lutenist Jürgen Hübscher
#"Dunbar's Delight" (1985), timpanist Dan Dunbar. Virtuoso solo piece for timpani.
#"Quoq" (1978), flutist John Fonville. Named after "Finnegans Wake".
#"Sierra" (1984), baritone Philip Larson, SONOR Ensemble conduced by Thomas Nee. Commissioned by Thomas Buckner.For more information on the above pieces see the liner notes. He also has an album "Pacific Sirens" on New World Records.

He wrote "Ricercar a 5 for Trombones" for Stuart Dempster. The piece uses baroque imitation as well as singing, whistling, fanfares, slides, and other extended techniques.

He received several Yaddo Fellowships in the fifties and sixties, a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1966, a Ford Foundation Fellowship, was elected as a Fellow of the Institute for Creative Arts of the University of California in 1968, and his string quartet "Solstice" won the 1985 Friedham Award for Chamber Music. There are two books about Erickson's life and music: "Thinking Sound Music: The Life and Work of Robert Erickson" by Charles Shere and "Music of Many Means: Sketches and Essays on the Music of Robert Erickson" by Robert Erickson and John MacKay.

He suffered from a wasting muscle disease, polymyositis, and was bedridden and pained for fifteen years before his death, though his final work was "Music for Trumpet, Strings, and Tympani" (1990).

Bibliography

* Erickson, Robert. 1988. "Composing Music". "Perspectives of New Music" 26, no. 2 (Summer): 86–95.
* Erickson, Robert. 1991. "Sierra & Other Works". CRI CD 616. Liner notes by Alan Rich, Music Critic, L.A. Daily News.
* Erickson, Robert, and John MacKay. 1995. "Music of Many Means: Sketches and Essays on the Music of Robert Erickson". Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 0-8108-3014-0
* MacKay, John. 1988. "On the Music of Robert Erickson: A Survey and Some Selected Analyses". "Perspectives of New Music" 26, no. 2 (Summer): 56–85.
* Oliveros, Pauline. 1995. "A Former UCSD Professor Speaks Up: An Email Exchange" Fall 1995 - International Alliance for Women in Music (IAWM list). [http://www.deeplistening.org/pauline/ucsd.html]
* Reynolds, Roger. 1988. "Wonderful Times". "Perspectives of New Music" 26, no. 2 (Summer): 44–55.
* Shere, Charles. 1995. "Thinking Sound Music: The Life and Work of Robert Erickson". Berkeley: Fallen Leaf Press. ISBN 0-914913-33-6
* Shere, Robert. 2001. "Erickson, Robert". "The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians", ed. S. Sadie and J. Tyrrell. London: Macmillan.

ources

External links

* [http://www3.uakron.edu/ssma/composers/Erickson.shtml University of Akron Bierce Library Smith Archives Composer Profile: Robert Erickson]
* [http://www.classicstoday.com/review.asp?ReviewNum=7454 ClassicToday.com Review of Pacific Sirens by Robert Erickson] Artistic quality: 8, Sound quality: 9.
* [http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2298/is_3_16/ai_54925682 Dunbar's Delight] Review of "Sierra & Other Works" by Elliott Schwartz, American Music, Fall, 1998
* [http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=41:7279~T1 AllMusic "Robert Erickson" biography] by Joslyn Layne

Listening

* [http://artofthestates.org/cgi-bin/piece.pl?pid=11 Art of the States: General Speech (1969)] by Robert Erickson, performed by Stuart Dempster, from "New Music for Virtuosos" (1998 New World Records 80541).