- Papaver
Taxobox
name = "Papaver"
image_width = 250px
image_caption =Iceland Poppy ("Papaver nudicaule")
regnum =Plant ae
divisio = Magnoliophyta
classis =Magnoliopsida
ordo =Ranunculales
familia =Papaveraceae
genus = "Papaver"
genus_authority = L.
subdivision_ranks = Species
subdivision = See text."Papaver" is a
genus of poppies, belonging to the Poppy family (Papaveraceae ).Its 120-odd species include the
opium poppy andcorn poppy . These are annual, biennial and perennial hardy, frost-tolerant plants growing natively in the temperate climates ofEurasia ,Africa andNorth America (Canada ,Alaska ,Rocky Mountains ). One section of the genus (Section Meconella) has an alpine and circumpolar arctic distribution and includes some of the most northerly-growing vascular land plants.Papaver grows in disturbed
soil . Its seeds may lay dormant for years until the soil is disturbed. Then they bloom in great numbers under cool growing conditions.The large, showy terminal
flowers grow on long, hairy stalks, to a height of even 1m or more as in theOriental Poppy ("Papaver orientale"). Their color vary from the deepest crimson, lilac, or white, or violet, to bright yellow or soft pink. The tissue-paper-like flowers may be single, double or semi-double. The size of these flowers can be amazing, as theIceland Poppy ("Papaver nudicaule") grows to 15-20 cm across.The flower buds are nodding or bent downwards, turning upwards as they are opening. There are two layers. The outer layer of two
sepal s drops off as the bud opens. The inner layer consists of 4 (but sometimes 5 or 6)petal s. There are manystamen s in several whorls around a single pistil.The ovary later develops in a
poricidal capsularfruit , capped by the dried stigma. The numerous, tiny seeds escape with the slightest breeze through the pores of the capsule.Poppies have a long history. They were already grown as
ornamental plant s since 5,000 BC inMesopotamia . They were found in Egyptian tombs. In Greekmythology , the poppy was associated withDemeter , goddess of fertility andagriculture . People believed they would get a bountiful crop if poppies grew in their field, hence the name 'corn poppy'. In this case, the name 'corn' was derived from 'korn', the Greek word for 'grain'.They are also sold as cut flowers in flower arrangements, especially the Iceland Poppy. They deserve a prominent place in any garden, border, or in meadow plantings. They are probably one of the most popular
wildflower s.In the course of history, poppies have always been attributed important medicinal properties. The
alkaloid rhoeadine is derived from the flowers of the Corn Poppy ("Papaver rhoeas"). This is used as mildsedative . The stems contain alatex or milky sap. This may cause skin irritation, and the milky sap present in theOpium Poppy ("Papaver somniferum") contains severalnarcotic alkaloids includingmorphine andcodeine .Selected species
*"
Papaver acrochaetum "
*"Papaver aculeatum " : South African Poppy
*"Papaver alboroseum " : Pale Poppy
*"Papaver alpinum " : Dwarf Poppy
*"Papaver amurense "
*"Papaver apokrinomenon "
*"Papaver apulum "
*"Papaver arachnoideum "
*"Papaver arenarium "
*"Papaver argemone " : Long Pricklyhead Poppy
*"Papaver armeniacum "
*"Papaver atlanticum " : Atlas Poppy, Moroccan Poppy
*"Papaver aurantiacum "
*"Papaver belangeri "
*"Papaver berberica "
*"Papaver bipinnatum "
*"Papaver bracteatum "
*"Papaver californicum " : Fire Poppy, Western Poppy
*"Papaver clavatum "
*"Papaver commutatum "
*"Papaver croceum " : Ice Poppy
*"Papaver curviscapum "
*"Papaver cylindricum "
*"Papaver dahlianum " : Svalbard Poppy
*"Papaver decaisnei "
*"Papaver degenii " : Pirin poppy
*"Papaver dubium " : Long-headed Poppy, Blindeyes
*"Papaver fugax "
*"Papaver giganteum "
*"Papaver glaucum " : Tulip Poppy
*"Papaver gorgoneum "
*"Papaver gorodkovii " : Arctic Poppy
*"Papaver gracile " :
*"Papaver guerlekense "
*"Papaver hybridum " : Round Pricklyhead Poppy
*"Papaver kluanense " : Alpine Poppy
*"Papaver lacerum "
*"Papaver lapponicum " : Lapland Poppy
*"Papaver lasiothrix "
*"Papaver lateritium "
*"Papaver macounii " : Macoun's Poppy
*"Papaver mcconnellii " : McConnell's Poppy
*"Papaver miyabeanum " : Japanese Poppy
*"Papaver nudicaule " : Iceland Poppy, Icelandic Poppy
*"Papaver orientale" : Oriental Poppy
*"Papaver paucifoliatum "
*"Papaver persicum "
*"Papaver pilosum " :
*"Papaver polychaetum "
*"Papaver postii "
*"Papaver pseudo-orientale " : Oriental Poppy
*"Papaver purpureamarginatum "
*"Papaver pygmaeum " : Pigmy Poppy
*"Papaver radicatum " : Rooted Poppy
*"Papaver rhoeas " : Common Poppy, Corn Poppy, Annual Poppy, Flanders Poppy,Shirley Poppy .
*"Papaver rhopalothece "
*"Papaver rupifragum " : Spanish Poppy
*"Papaver sendtneri " : White Alpine Poppy
*"Papaver somniferum " :Opium Poppy
*"Papaver spicatum "
*"Papaver strictum "
*"Papaver stylatum "
*"Papaver syriacum "
*"Papaver triniifolium "
*"Papaver umbonatum " :
*"Papaver walpolei " : Walpole's PoppyExternal links
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