List of warlords and military cliques in the Warlord Era
- List of warlords and military cliques in the Warlord Era
The Warlord Era is the common term that refers to the time period of China beginning from 1916 to the mid-1930s, when the country was divided by various military cliques. Followed by the death of Yuan Shikai in 1916, and nominally ended in 1928 at the conclusion of the Northern Expedition with the Northeast Flag Replacement, beginning the "Nanjing decade". However, the division continues to exist into the 1930s, and remains until the end of the Chinese Civil War in 1949.
The warlords and military cliques of the Warlord Era are generally divided into the Northern Faction and the Southern Faction. The following is a list of cliques within each faction, and the dominant warlords within that clique.
Northern Faction
The cliques in the Northern Faction are evolved from the Beiyang system. Most of them were generals under Yuan Shikai. After the death of Yuan, they separated and formed cliques in their own sphere of influence.
Fengtian clique
Fengtian is the old name of Shenyang city, and was the political center of Manchuria. The headquarter of the military government in Manchuria is located here, thus, their clique is known by the name of the city.
Shanxi clique
Ma clique
=New Guangxi clique=
By 1924, the Old Guangxi clique was no longer effective, and was replaced by the New Guangxi clique.
Sichuan
References
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