Roman Catholic Diocese of Ossory

Diocese of Ossory Dioecesis Ossoriensis
St. Mary's Cathedral, Kilkenny, the episcopal seat of the bishops of Ossory
Location
Country	Republic of Ireland
Territory	Most of County Kilkenny and parts of counties Laois and Offaly
Ecclesiastical province	Province of Dublin
Statistics
Area	761 sq mi (1,970 km2)
Population - Catholics	84,244
Information
Denomination	Roman Catholic
Rite	Latin Rite
Established	Diocese in 1111
Cathedral	St. Mary's Cathedral, Kilkenny
Patron saint	St Kieran
Current leadership
Pope	Pope Benedict XVI
Bishop	Séamus Freeman, S.A.C., Bishop of Ossory
Metropolitan Archbishop	Diarmuid Martin, Archbishop of Dublin
Emeritus Bishops	Laurence Forristal, Bishop Emeritus of Ossory
Map
The Diocese of Ossory, shown in green, within the Ecclesiastical Province of Dublin
Website
ossory.ie

The Roman Catholic Diocese of Ossory (Irish: Deoise Chnoc Osraí) is a Roman Catholic diocese in eastern Ireland. It is one of six suffragan dioceses in the ecclesiastical province of Dublin and is subject to the Archdiocese of Dublin.^[1][2] The incumbent Ordinary is Séamus Freeman.

Geographic remit

The see is bounded to the south by the River Suir, to the east by the River Barrow, to the north by County Laois (formerly "Queen's County") and to the west by counties Tipperary and Offaly (formerly "King's County"). It has an area of 600,000 acres (2,400 km²). At the Synod of Rathbreasail in 1111, the limits of the diocese were permanently fixed. At the same time, the cathedra was transferred from Seir-Kieran to Aghaboe. At the end of the 12th century it was further transferred to Kilkenny. It is probable that St. Canice founded a monastery at Kilkenny and not unlikely that the beginnings of a town soon appeared there, to become more important when the bishops changed from Aghaboe.

History

The diocese was established in AD 549^[3] It is roughly co-extensive with the ancient Irish Kingdom of Ossory, whose first king, Aengus Osrithe, flourished in the 2nd century of the Christian era. His successors extended their boundaries to include part of Tipperary. In the 5th century the neighbouring tribe of the Deisi, aided by the Corcu Loígde, conquered South Ossory, and for over a century, the Corcu Loígde chiefs ruled in place of the dispossessed Ossory chiefs. Early in the 7th century the ancient chiefs recovered much of their lost possessions, the foreigners were overcome, and the descendants of Aengus ruled once more. One of the greatest was Cerball mac Dúnlainge, prominent in the 9th century and distinguished in the Danish wars.

Ossory had been Christianized long before this. St. Ciarán, the patron saint of the diocese, was born about the 4th century at a place now known as "St. Ciarán's Strand", near Cape Clear Island, and was probably converted to the Catholic faith by foreign traders. According to tradition, he travelled to Rome and was there ordained priest and bishop. Having met St. Patrick, St. Ciarán received from him a bell with the charge to return to Ireland and there establish a monastery on the spot where the bell should first sound. When the saint had passed beyond Ossory, and was descending the western slopes of Slieve Bloom, the bell at length sounded; and here St. Ciarán established the monastery of Seir-Kieran, the centre from which Ossory was evangelized. St. Patrick also visited Ossory and preached and founded churches there. There is some difficulty in accepting the story of St. Ciarán having preached before St. Patrick, since the former is said to have flourished in the 6th century. It is, however, certain that St. Ciarán laboured in Ossory.

In the centuries following, the kingdom was ruled from Seir-Kieran by the abbots. They had other monasteries subject to them, and probably other bishops, and perhaps were not always bishops themselves, though at Seir-Kieran, as at Iona, there was always a bishop. Their jurisdiction was tribal rather than territorial, and hence the diocese was enlarged or contracted as the fortunes of the Ossory chieftains rose or fell.

In the reign of Bishop Hugh de Rous (1202–15) the cathedral of St. Canice was built. Two subsequent bishops, Hugh de Malpilton (1251–60) and Thomas Barry (1427–60), filled the office of treasurer of Ireland, while another, Richard Northalis (1387–95), acted as King Richard II of England's ambassador abroad.

At the English reformation, the Earls of Ormond were among the first of the nobility to conform to the state established church. The majority of the population continued to adhere to the old faith. When John Bale was appointed bishop by King Edward VI of England, he endeavoured to "Protestantize" the people. He was roughly handled and driven from Kilkenny, leaving Ossory in peace. The peace ended with the death of Queen Mary I of England. During the reign of Queen Elizabeth I of England, the see was vacant for seventeen years.

From 1602 to 1618 Ossory was again without a bishop. When Dr. David Rothe was appointed (1620) there was not a Catholic bishop in all of Ireland. In the rebellion of 1641 Kilkenny was the centre of national resistance and the headquarters of the Catholic Confederation. The part played by Dr. Rothe was prominent and patriotic; but his best efforts were unavailing, for Ormond was able to foment divisions between the Anglo-Irish and the old Irish who would not "blend" for the common good. For want of vigour in Catholic counsels, Ormonde's treachery led to Oliver Cromwell's victories. While the Cromwellians held Kilkenny, Dr. Rothe died there (1650) and for twenty years following, Ossory was governed by vicars. During the few periods of toleration in the reign of Charles II Stuart a feeble revival of religion took place. In 1678 the bishop reported to Rome, that in many cases one priest was in charge of five or six parishes; that the few remaining Franciscans, Dominicans, Jesuits and Capuchins ministered by stealth and in ruined churches; and that the Carmelites, Cistercians and Canons Regular of St. Augustine had completely disappeared.

In the penal times, Ossory suffered much, but its faith survived, and when toleration came it was ruled by an exceptional man, Thomas De Burgo (1759–86). Equally capable was his successor, John Thomas Troy (1777–86), subsequently Archbishop of Dublin. To understand his praise of King George III, his friendship with the viceroy and with Luttrell, son of Lord Carhampton, we must make allowance for the times in which he lived. He was among the first of the Irish bishops to take advantage of the relaxation of the penal laws and set up a college for his diocese by the purchase of Burrell's Hall, Kilkenny.

In 1836 the foundation stone of St. Kieran's College, Kilkenny, was laid and two years later the college was opened for students. Dr. Kinsella also laid the foundation stone of the Cathedral of St. Mary in 1843, though the exterior was not finished until 1857, nor solemnly consecrated until 1899.

The number of distinguished men connected with the diocese is large. Clyn and Grace, the annalists, were both of Kilkenny. Dr. Rothe was not only a public man, but an author of eminence. De Burgo's work on the Irish Dominicans is still an essential book for Irish historians. Other famous men are: James Butler, Archbishop of Cashel, author of 'Butler's Catechism'; Dr. Manogue, Bishop of Sacramento; Dr. Ireland, Archbishop of Saint Paul, Minnesota; Dr. O'Reilly, Archbishop of Adelaide; Dr. John O'Donovan; Dr. Kelly, for many years professor of ecclesiastical history at Maynooth; Dr. O'Hanlon, theological professor in the same college; Dr. MacDonald, his successor; and Dr. Carrigan, whose 'History of Ossory' is the most complete history of any Irish diocese.

In 1910, the diocese contained: 41 parishes; 36 parish priests; 5 administrators; 58 curates; 11 regulars (a total of 119 priests); 96 churches; 1 college; 4 houses of regulars; 15 convents; 4 houses of Christian Brothers. In 1901 the Catholic population was 83,519; the non-Catholic, 6,029.

Ordinaries

Main article: Bishop of Ossory

The following is a basic list of the bishops of Ossory since 1829.^[1]

William Kinsella (1829–1845) Edward Walsh (1846–1872) Patrick Francis Moran (1872–1884) Abraham Brownrigg, S.S.S. (1884–1928) Patrick Collier (1928–1964) Peter Birch (1964–1981) Laurence Forristal (1981–2007) Séamus Freeman, S.A.C. (since 2007)

See also

• Diocese of Cashel and Ossory (Church of Ireland)

References

1. ^ ^{a b} Diocese of Ossory. Catholic-Hierarchy. Retrieved 26 April 2010.
2. ^ Archdiocese of Dublin. Catholic-Hierarchy. Retrieved 26 April 2010.
3. ^ Creation of the diocese

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Herbermann, Charles, ed (1913). "Diocese of Ossory". Catholic Encyclopedia. Robert Appleton Company.