Campo Imperatore

Campo Imperatore is a mountain grassland formed by a high basin shaped plateau located in the Province of L'Aquila in the Abruzzo region of Italy in the Gran Sasso massif. It is the largest plateau of the Apennine ridge. Known as Italy's "Little Tibet", Campo Imperatore has a tectonic origin shaped by alluviums and glaciers. The nature preserve is part of the Gran Sasso e Monti della Laga National Park. The plateau, which is 27 km in length and an average of 8 km in width, lies adjacent to the Apennines' highest peak Corno Grande, and Europe's southernmost glacier, the Calderone; also surrounding the plateau are Monte Prena, Monte Aquila, and the Camicia Mountains to the north and Monte Scindarella, Mesola and Monte Bolza to the south.

The plateau's altitude ranges from 1500 to 1900 meters. It covers an expanse of approximately 80 km². Campo Imperatore is home to one of Italy's oldest alpine ski resorts. Located on the plateau's western edge, the resort began commercial operation in the 1920s and continues to thrive as a ski resort to this day due to its proximity to Rome (132 km or an hour-and-a-half by car). The resort became dictator Benito Mussolini's prison in August 1943 with his fall from power until he was freed by German commandos in September 1943. On the eastern side of the plateau is a 4 km cross country ski trail, which is maintained by the nearby town of Castel del Monte.

On the southeastern side of Campo Imperatore are medieval hill towns once ruled by the Medicis, Castel Del Monte and Santo Stefano di Sessanio as well as the ruin of one of Europe's highest fortresses, Rocca Calascio.In spring, summer and fall, shepherds from these neighboring hill towns maintain herds of sheep, "semi-wild" horses, and cattle in the plateau. The pastures are covered with field grasses and meadowland wild flowers. Campo Imperatore is also home to the Alpine Botanical Garden of Campo Imperatore. Founded in 1952, the garden is devoted to cultivation and study of some 300 species indigenous mountainous plants, including rare and endangered plant species, among them "Vaccinium gaultherioides", Yellow Gentiana, ("Gentiana lutea"), Edelweiss of the Appennines ("Leontopodium nivale"), and "Adonis distorta" -- all plants that have adapted to Campo Imperatore's unique environment. Campo Imperatore is also the habitat for the Apennine wolf, Apennine wildcat and the Abruzzo chamois. Nearly extinct, the Abruzzo chamois, which naturalists consider one of the most beautiful varieties of chamois, is making a comeback through a joint effort by WWF Italia and the administration of the Gran Sasso National Park. Other species of wildlife include wild boar, foxes, grass snakes, and a wide variety of bird life including golden eagles and peregrine falcons.

Also located on the high plateau, taking advantage of the elevation and absence of man-made light, is the Campo Imperatore Near-Earth Objects Survey (CINEOS), an observatory built in 1951, which forms a branch of the Rome Observatory.

Campo Imperatore has been popular with filmmakers. The location has been used in more than twenty major films, among them "The Name of the Rose", "Krull", "Ladyhawke", "Il sole anche di notte", and "L'Armata ritorna".

External links

* [http://scienze.univaq.it/GiardinoBotanicoAlpino/ Alpine Botanical Garden of Campo Imperatore]
* [http://www.ilgransasso.it/ Gran Sasso Tourism Center]
* [http://www.alpitalia.net/localita.php?id=112 Campo Imperatore Ski Center]
* [http://sirio.rm.astro.it/cimperatore/ Campo Imperatore Observatory]