Trobar clus

Trobar clus

Trobar clus, or closed form, was the style of poetry used by troubadours for their more discerning audiences, and it was only truly appreciated by an elite few. It was developed extensively by Marcabru, but by 1200 its inaccessibility led to its disappearance. Among the imitators of Marcabru were Alegret and Marcoat, who claimed himself to write "vers contradizentz" (contradictory verses), indicative of the incomprehensibility of the "trobar clus" style. [Bloch, 114.] Below is a sample of the style from Marcoat's "sirventes" "Mentre m'obri eis huisel", wherein the poet himself remarks on his "moz clus" (closed words)::"Mon "serventes" no val plus,
:"que faitz es de bos moz clus
:"apren lo, Domeing Sarena." [Chambers, 91.] Among the late twelfth-century practitionars of "trobar clus" was Peire d'Alvernhe, an imitator of Marcabru, while Raimbaut d'Aurenga of the "trobar ric" style was influenced by Marcoat. The only trobairitz (female troubadour) to use the trobar clus with mastery was Lombarda around 1216.

ee also

*trobar leu
*trobar ric

ources


*Bloch, R. Howard. [http://books.google.com/books?id=_BvcxDvqjp8C "Etymologies and Genealogies: A Literary Anthropology of the French Middle Ages".] Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1983. ISBN 0 22605 982 0.
*Chambers, Frank M. [http://books.google.com/books?id=wWwlECmpynUC "An Introduction to Old Provençal Versification".] Diane Publishing, 1985. ISBN 0 87169 167 1.
* [http://cunnan.sca.org.au/wiki/Trobar_clus Cunnan wiki source (GFDL)]

Notes


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  • trobar clus —    Trobar clus is a style of TROUBADOUR poetry that is characterized by deliberate obscurity, metrical complexity, allusive and difficult language, and intricacy of rhyme schemes. It is a closed or hermetic style of writing practiced by poets who …   Encyclopedia of medieval literature

  • Trobar clus — La forme trobar clus est un art poétique développé par les troubadours (langue d oc) du XIIe siècle. Elle consiste essentiellement en une recherche de l hermétisme, par conséquent accessible seulement à un public cultivé. Un des principaux… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • trobar clus — tro·bàr clùs loc.s.m.inv. TS lett. 1. stile di alcuni trovatori provenzali volutamente ermetico e oscuro, con parole e strutture difficili e rare, spesso come segno di impegno morale o di polemica 2. estens., stile ermetico nella poesia di altre… …   Dizionario italiano

  • trobar clus — /troh bahr kloohs / a complex and obscure style of writing adopted by some 12th century Provençal poets. [ < Pr: lit., closed composition] * * * …   Universalium

  • trobar clus — /troh bahr kloohs / a complex and obscure style of writing adopted by some 12th century Provençal poets. [ < Pr: lit., closed composition] …   Useful english dictionary

  • trobar ric — (trobar car, trobar prim)    The term trobar ric describes a style of TROUBADOUR poetry that made use of elaborate technical contrivances and ornate language, but whose sense was clear to the audience. The phrase combines the Provençal trobar… …   Encyclopedia of medieval literature

  • trobar leu —    Trobar leu was a style of TROUBADOUR poetry that was characterized by simple, natural, and accessible diction and relatively simple verse forms. It was a style intended to appeal to the broadest possible audience. The term comes from the… …   Encyclopedia of medieval literature

  • Trobar ric — The trobar ric, or rich form of poetry, was a trobadour style.It was distinguished by its verbal gymnastics; its best exponent was Arnaut Daniel. Despite the fact that it outlasted trobar clus it always played a secondary role to trobar leu.ee… …   Wikipedia

  • Trobar leu — The trobar leu, or light style of poetry, was the most popular style used by the troubadours. Its accessibility gave it a wide audience, though modern readers may find its somewhat formulaic nature tiresome after a while.ee also*trobar ric… …   Wikipedia

  • trobar leu — tro·bàr lèu loc.s.m.inv. TS lett. stile accessibile e piano dei trovatori provenzali che rifiutavano polemicamente il trobar clus {{line}} {{/line}} DATA: 1952. ETIMO: dal provenz. ant. trobar leu propr. poetare facile …   Dizionario italiano

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