MS Van Gogh

MS "Van Gogh" is a cruise ship owned by The Netherlands -based Club Cruise, under charter to the Russia-based Metropolis Tur for the duration of the 2008 northern hemisphere summer season. The ship was built in 1975 by Wärtsilä Turku shipyard as the "Belorussiya" class cruiseferry MS "Gruziya" for the Black Sea Shipping Company, Soviet Union. She was rebuilt into a cruise ship during the 1980s. In 1995 she was renamed MS "Odessa Sky" and in 1999 briefly MS "Club 1", before receiving her current name.

Concept and construction

The "Gruziya" was one of five cruiseferries built between 1975 and 1976 for the Black Sea Shipping Company for intra-Soviet Union service on the Black Sea. The ships were built to the same standards of technology and passenger accommodation as cruiseferries built outside the Eastern Bloc at the time.cite web |url=http://www.sea.infoflot.ru/en/fleet/?class=1&grp=5 |title="Belorussija" class |accessdate=2008-03-06 |format= |work=The Soviet Fleet |publisher=Infoflot.ru |language=Russian] As built she was able to accommodate 1009 passengers (504 with cabin berths) and 256 cars. In practice her passenger capacity was excessive in comparison with her car capacity, but her relatively high standard of accommodation made her popular as a cruise ship, and during the 1980s she was rebuilt as a cruise ship. The precise year of her rebuildings is unknown, with different sources stating either 1984 or 1988 as the year of the refit.

In 1999 the ship was rebuilt at Bremerhaven, Germany, before entering service for Club Cruise.

ervice history

1975—1996

After she was delivered to the Black Sea Shipping Company, the "Gruziya" was used on ferry service between the Crimean Peninsula and the Caucasus, as well as cruising. For cruise service she was often chartered to operators outside the Eastern Block, but she did also make cruises aimed at Soviet passengers. Following the conversion into a cruise ship she was (naturally) used exclusively for cruising.

Following the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 the Black Sea Shipping Company came to be based in the newly independent state of Ukraibe, and the "Gruziya" hoisted the Ukrainian flag. In 1995 she was transferred under the ownership of Blasco UK, re-registered to Liberia and renamed "Odessa Sky". On 26 August 1995 the vessel was arrested in Montreal, Canada, and remained there for several months. In August 1996 she was re-registered to Odessa. On 11 September 1996 the ship arrived in Wilhelmshaven, Germany for an engine overhaul. Blasco could not pay for the overhaul, and as a result the "Odessa Sky" was arrested in Wilhelmshaven. Her crew remained onboard, unpaid.

1997—present

In August 1998 the "Odessa Sky" was sold in an auction to the Dutch businessman Gerard van Leest for 16.5 million Deutsche Mark. The crew of the ship however refused to leave the ship unless they were paid the two years worth of salaries Blasco owed them, and even threathened to sink the ship should their demands not be met. A settlement was eventually reached where the crew were given flight tickets home and even money for new clothes, and the "Odessa Sky" could proceed to Bremerhaven for rebuilding for her new service.

On 27 March 1999 the "Odessa Sky" was renamed "Club I" and re-registered to Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. From April 1999 onwards she made short cruises out of Rotterdam under the banner of Club Cruise. The "Club 1" failed to find popularity in The Netherlands, and as a result the planned winter program was cancelled and the ship was laid up in September 1999. In December 1999 Nouvelles Frontieres, a France based group, chartered the "Club 1" and renamed her "Van Gogh" for cruises around the Mediterranean and Caribbean. In 2002 she was chartered to the United Kingdom-based Travelscope.

On September 26 2004 the "Van Gogh", while outbound from Gibraltar to Tangier, collided with the tanker "Spetses" outside Gibraltar in heavy fog. The "Van Gogh" received heavy damage to her bow, but there were no injuries on either ship and the "Van Gogh" could return to Gibraltar for repairs under her own power. Later investigations revealed the "Van Gogh" had had been traveling at convert|14|kn|km/h|2|abbr=on, a speed considered unsafe under the weather conditions. Additionally the crew of the "Van Gogh" had neglected to give proper audio signals for restricted visibility and the crews of both vessels had neglected to keep proper radar watch. No emergency signal had been sounded on the "Van Gogh" before or after the accident, resulting in confusion amongst her passengers. [cite web |url=http://www.gibmaritime.com/docs/Van%20Gogh%20%2D%20Spetes%20report%2Edoc |title=Report on the investigation of the collision between the passenger vessel Van Gogh and the tanker Spetses |accessdate=2008-03-06 |date=2008-03-06 |format=DOC |publisher=Government of Gibraltar, Department of Shipping]

Traveloscope went bankrupt in December 2007, [cite web |url=http://www.maritimematters.com/shipnews2007e.html |title=Cruise Ship News: Travel Company Halts |accessdate=2008-01-26 |date=2007-12-22 |format= |work= |publisher=Maritime Matters ] but Club Cruise took over the ship's planned 2008 world cruise. In January 2008, Club Cruise established a new subsidiary, Van Gogh Cruises, which took over all existing bookings for the "Van Gogh" and planned to continue to operate her in the UK market. Due to difficulties in acquiring a membership in the Association of British Travel Agents, Van Gogh Cruises were forced to suspend operations in April 2008. As a result the "Van Gogh" was chartered to the Russia-based Metropolis Tur for the 2008 northern hemisphere summer season.

During the final leg of her 2007/2008 world cruise, the "Van Gogh" was arrested by police in Funchal, Madeira on 1 April 2008, in a dispute over an unpaid debt from a previous operator.cite web |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/7327411.stm|title=UK cruise ship is held in Madeira |accessdate=2008-04-02 |format= |work= |publisher= BBC News Online ] She was allowed to depart Funchal for Falmouth after some 48 hours on 3 April.cite web |url=http://www.cruisebusiness.com/news.php?u=20080404123550 |title=Van Gogh resumes voyage to Falmouth |accessdate=2008-04-04 |date=2008-04-04 |format= |work=Cruise Business Review |publisher=Cruise Media Oy Ltd ]

Design

Exterior

The "Belorussiya" class ships were built with an exterior appearance that was in keeping with the aesthetic of the time, described by Douglas Ward in 2006 as being "reasonably smart-looking -- with a square-ish 1970s profile". The hull of the ships had a rounded bow and a rear that tapered inwards so that at the very back the width of the hull was only marginally wider than the width of the large central car-ramp (however, in addition to the ramp at the rear, side doors were fitted on the starboard side). The lowest deck of the superstructure (deck 6) extended slightly beyond the width of the hull, resulting an appearance similar to the overhanging promenade decks of many ocean liners. Deck 6 also extended further than the higher decks of the superstructure, originally in a wedge-like form. The rear decks were tiered, with glass screens protecting the lido area on deck 7. Lifeboats were fairly high in the superstructure. The fairly large funnel included a smoke deflector fin.

During the conversion into a cruise ship the forward superstructure on deck 6 was enlargened to that it extends all the way to the sides for the full length of the deck. In 1999 refit the rear car-ramp was removed.

Interior

As built, all public spaces onboard were located on deck 6, with most passenger cabins on deck 5, additional cabins on the sides of the car deck on decks 3 & 4, and deluxe cabins on deck 7. Originally the interiors were decorated in contemporary modernist style, with bright colours combined with dark brown, psychedelic patterns in curtains and dark wood veneer used on many walls, particularly in the cabins. [cite web |url=http://www.faktaomfartyg.se/gruziya_klass_inr.htm |title=Inredningsbilder på Gruziya klass fartygen |accessdate=2008-03-06 |last=Hviid |first=Sören Lund |format= |work=Fakta om Fartyg |language=Swedish ]

In the conversion to a cruise ship carried out during the 1980s, the upper level of the car deck (deck 4) was built in with 80 cabins, while a cinema and a bar/casino complex was added to the lower level (deck 3). Initially a small garage for 50-70 cars was retained.

Following the 1999 refit, the public spaces include five bars, a dining room, self-serve buffet, casino, discotheque, cinema, library, gymnasium, sauna and one swimming pool. During the 1999 refit, two addititional suites were added on deck 8.

Decks

As built

As built, five of the nine decks of the "Gruziya" included spaces for passengers.

# Unknown
# Unknown
# Outside cabins, car deck
# Outside cabins, car deck
# Outside and inside cabins
# Restaurants
# De luxe cabins, sundeck, swimming pool
# Sundeck
# Bridge, sundeck

As "Van Gogh"

The Van Gogh has nine decks, seven of which are accessible to passengers.

# Engine room, crew cabins
# Gym, Refrigeration rooms, cargo hold, crew dining areas
# Outside and inside cabins, nightclub, cinema
# Outside and inside cabins
# Outside and inside cabins, reception
# Nautilius bar, Nautilius restaurant, library, library lounge, casino, duty free shop, Captain's Club, Club Live showlounge
# Outside and inside cabins, suites, swimming pools, lido bar, buffet
# Outside cabins, suites, children's club, teen's club
# Sky bar, sports deck

References