Carl Schmidt (chemist)

Carl Schmidt (chemist)

Infobox_Scientist
name = Carl Schmidt


caption = Carl Schmidt
birth_date = June 13, 1822
birth_place = Mitau, Russia today Latvia
residence = Russia
nationality =
death_date = death date and age|1894|2|27|1822|6|13
death_place = Tartu , Russia today Estonia
field = chemistry
work_institution = University of Dorpat
alma_mater = University of Gießen, University of Göttingen
doctoral_advisor = Justus von Liebig Chemistry
Friedrich Wöhler Medicine
doctoral_students = Wilhelm Ostwald
known_for =
prizes =
religion =
footnotes =

Carl Ernst Heinrich Schmidt (June 13, 1822 - February 27, 1894), also known in Russia as Karl Genrikhovich Schmidt ( _ru. Карл Ге́нрихович Шмидт) determined the typical crystalization patterns of many important biochemicals such as uric acid, oxalic acid and its salts, lactic acid, cholesterin, stearin, etc. He analyzed muscle fiber and chitin. He showed that animal and plant cell constituents are chemically similar and studied reactions of calcium albuminates. He studied alcoholic fermentation and the chemistry of metabolism and digestion. He discovered hydrochloric acid in gastric juice and its chemical interaction with pepsin. He studied bile and pancreatic juices. Some of this work was done with Friedrich Bidder. He studied chemical changes in blood associated with cholera, dysentery, diabetes, and arsenic poisoning.

Schmidt received his PhD in 1844 from the University of Gießen under Justus von Liebig. In 1850 Schmidt had been named Professor of Pharmacy at Dorpat and in 1851 he was appointed Professor of Chemestry in the mathematical and physical division on the University of Dorpat.He was a corresponding member (1873) of the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences (today Russian Academy of Sciences).Schmidt is notable as the PhD advisor of the Nobel Prize winner Wilhelm Ostwald.

References

* J.R. Partington, "A History of Chemistry," Macmillan, 1964, vol. 4, p.306 and p. 595.
* "Dictionary of Scientific Biography," Charles Scribner's Sons, 1970-1990, vol. 2, p. 124a.
*cite journal
title = Carl Schmidt
author = St. Szcz Zaleski
journal = Chem. Ber.
volume = 27
issue = 4
year = 1894
pages = 963–978
doi = 10.1002/cber.18940270494
*cite journal
author = R. Stefan Ross
journal = Endeavour
volume = 29
issue = 1
year = 2005
pages = 33–37
title = Carl Schmidt – a chemical tourist in Victorian Britain
doi = 10.1016/j.endeavour.2005.01.006
* [http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/reprint/103/5/637.pdf Physiological-Chemical Research of Bidder and Schmidt]
* Official site of Russian Academy of Sciences. [http://www.ras.ru/win/db/show_per.asp?P=.id-52798.ln-en Information about Carl Schmidt]


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