Xyloglucan

Xyloglucan

Xyloglucan is the main hemicellulose in the primary cell wall of dicotyledonous plants, and occurs in the cell walls of all vascular plants.SC Fry (1989) The Structure and Functions of Xyloglucan. "Journal of Experimental Biology", 40, 1-11] Xyloglucan links cellulose microfibrils together.

Chemistry

Xyloglucan has a cellulosic semirigid backbone of β1→4-linked glucose residues that are substituted with a variety of 1-6 flexibly linked glycosidic sidechains. The most common sidechain is a single xylose residue, but longer sidechains that include the sugars galactose and fucose are also common.

Biosynthesis

Xyloglucan is synthesised in Golgi trans cisternae and in the trans Golgi network (TGN) and is transported to the cell membrane by vesicles, where it is expelled and adsorbs on nascent cellulosic microfibrils. [cite journal
author=Moore PJ and Staehelin LA
title=Immunogold localisation of the cell wall matrix polysaccharides rhamnogalacturonan-I and xyloglucan during cell expansion and cytokinesis in "Trifolium pratense" L. - Implications for sectretory pathways
journal=Planta
year=1988 | volume=174 | pages=433–445
doi=10.1007/BF00634471 ]

References


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