- Longleat
:"This article is about the stately home and related attractions. There is a separate article covering the
Longleat Safari Park ."Longleat is an Englishcountry house , currently the seat of the Marquesses of Bath, adjacent to the village ofHorningsham and near the towns ofWarminster inWiltshire andFrome inSomerset . It is noted for itsElizabethan country house ,maze , landscapedpark land and safari park. The house is set in over 900acre s (3.6 km²) of parkland, landscaped byCapability Brown , with 8,000 acres (32 km²) of woods and farmland. It was the first stately home to open to the public, and also claims the firstsafari park outsideAfrica .The house was built by Sir
John Thynne , and designed mainly byRobert Smythson , after the originalpriory was destroyed by fire in 1567. It took 12 years to complete and is widely regarded as one of the finest examples of Elizabethan architecture in Britain. Longleat is currently occupied byAlexander Thynn, 7th Marquess of Bath , a direct descendant.Animal Park " is filmed here.Longleat House and the Thynnes
Longleat was purchased by Sir John Thynn in 1541. He was the first of the Thynne 'dynasty' - the family name was Thynn or Thynne in the 16th century, later Thynne only, but the present head of the family reverted to the spelling Thynn in the 1980s.
*Sir John Thynn (1515–1580) purchased Longleat which was previously an
Augustinian priory . He was a builder with experience gained from working onSyon House ,Bedwyn Broil andSomerset House . In April 1567 the original house caught fire and burnt down. A replacement house was effectively completed by 1580.Adrian Gaunt ,Alan Maynard ,Robert Smythson , theEarl of Hertford andHumpfrey Lovell all contributed to the new building but most of the design was Sir John's work.
*Sir John Thynn, Junior (1555–1604)
*Sir Thomas Thynn (1578–1639)
*Sir James Thynn (1605–1670) who employed SirChristopher Wren to do modifications to the house
*Thomas Thynn (1646–1682)
*Thomas Thynne, 1st Viscount Weymouth (1640–1714) and started the house's large book collection. Formal gardens, canals, fountains andparterres were created byGeorge London with sculptures byArnold Quellin andChevalier David . The Best Gallery, Long Gallery, Old Library and Chapel were all added due to Wren.
*Thomas Thynne, 2nd Viscount Weymouth (1710–1751) married Louisa Carteret whose ghost is reputed to haunt the house.
*Thomas Thynne, 1st Marquess of Bath (1734–1796) employedCapability Brown who replaced the formal gardens with a landscaped park and dramatic drives and entrance roads.
*Thomas Thynne, 2nd Marquess of Bath (1765–1837) employedJeffry Wyatville to modernise the house and received advice fromHumphrey Repton on the grounds. Wyatville demolished several parts of the house, including Wren's staircase, and replaced them with galleries and a grand staircase. He also constructed many outbuildings including the Orangery.
*Henry Frederick Thynne, 3rd Marquess of Bath (1797–1837)
*John Alexander Thynne, 4th Marquess of Bath (1831–1896) collected Italian fine arts. He employedJohn Crace , whose prior work includedBrighton Pavilion ,Woburn Abbey ,Chatsworth House and thePalace of Westminster to add Italian renaissance style interiors.
*Thomas Henry Thynne, 5th Marquess of Bath (1862–1946). DuringWorld War I , the house was used as a temporary hospital. DuringWorld War II , it became the evacuatedRoyal School for Daughters of Officers of the Army . An Americal hospital was also constructed on the grounds.
*Henry Frederick Thynne, 6th Marquess of Bath (1905–1992). In 1947, death duties forced the sale of a large part of the Marquess' estates, in order to allow Longleat itself to survive he opened the house to public visitors.Russell Page redesigned the gardens around the house to allow for tourists. The safari park opened in 1966.
*Alexander Thynn, 7th Marquess of Bath (born 1932) is an artist and mural painter with a penchant for mazes and labyrinths (he created the hedge maze, the love labyrinth, the sun maze, the lunar labyrinth and King Arthur's maze on the property).The house is still used as the private residence of the Thynn family.
The tour of the house comprises:
*The Elizabethan Great Hall, with a minstrels' gallery
*The lower east corridor, a wide room originally used as servant access to the main rooms. This now holds fine furniture and paintings. Also on display are two visitor books, one showing the signatures ofElizabeth II and Philip, the other Albert (George VI ) and Elizabeth (the Queen Mother).
*The ante-library, with a magnificent Venetian painting on the ceiling
*The Red Library, which displays many of the 40,000 books in the house
*The Breakfast Room, with a ceiling to match the ante-library
*The Lower Dining Room
*Stairs up, past a display of large earlyMeissen porcelain animals
*The Bathroom and bath-bedroom: the bath is a cooper built lead lined tub. Originally filled by hand from buckets and drained the same way, taps and drains are now provided and the lead lining was replaced in 2005. The room holds the first plumbed in flush lavatory in the house.
*The State Dining Room, with a Meissen porcelain centrepiece on the table to facilitate flagging conversations
*The Saloon
*The State Drawing Room, designed by Crace
*The Robes Corridor
*The Chinese Bedroom
*The Music Room, with instruments including a barrel organ
*The Prince of Wales Bedroom, so named because of a large painting ofHenry Frederick, Prince of Wales the brother of Charles I
*The upper west corridor
*The Grand StaircaseLongleat Woods
Longleat Woods (gbmapping|ST795435) is a 249.9hectare (617.4 acre)biological Site of Special Scientific Interest inSomerset , notified in 1972.Trivia
* The
Bollywood film "Mohabbatein " was filmed at Longleat which served as the location for the Gurukul School.
* Longleat staged the first ever British round of theRed Bull Air Race in 2005. The second event took place in 2006 but was cancelled at the last minute due to poor weather conditions.
* A leat is an artificial waterway or channel such as that which supplies awatermill .
* A copy of the worthless painting, "The Fallen Madonna with the Big Boobies ", from the BBC television sitcom'Allo 'Allo , hangs in Longleat House. [The Sun , Dec 9, 2005, " [http://www.thesun.co.uk/sol/homepage/news/article192597.ece TV Fallen Madonna found] " by John Cole. Retrieved from online edition on April 7, 2008.] [Wiltshire Times , Dec 16, 2005, " [http://www.wiltshiretimes.co.uk/news/warminsternews/display.var.662806.0.say_allo_to_new_longleat_feature.php Say ‘Allo’ to new Longleat feature] ". Retrieved from online edition on April 7, 2008.] ["The Return of 'Allo 'Allo!" (BBC ), 28 April 2007]References
External links
* [http://www.longleat.co.uk/ Longleat homepage]
* [http://www.gardenvisit.com/g/long1.htm Longleat - garden review]
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.