Ailuravus macrurus

Taxobox
name = "Ailuravus macrurus"
fossil_range = Early to Middle Eocene


image_caption = "Ailuravus macrurus" and "Strigogyps sapea"
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Chordata
classis = Mammalia
subclassis = Eutheria
unranked_ordo = Euarchontoglires
superordo = Glires
ordo = Rodentia
familia = Ischyromyidae
subfamilia = Ailuravinae
genus = "Ailuravus"
genus_authority = Rütimeyer, 1891
species = "A. macrurus"
binomial = "Ailuravus macrurus"

"Ailuravus macrurus" ("Big-tailed Cat-ancestor") was a primitive, squirrel-like rodent, one of the earliest known rodents, from the Messel pit Lagerstätte, in Germany. It lived during the Eocene period of Europe, in forests, and may have been arboreal.