HMS Lichfield (1746)

HMS "Lichfield" was a 50-gun fourth rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, built at Harwich to the dimensions laid down in the 1741 proposals of the 1719 Establishment, and launched on 26 June 1746. She was wrecked on the Barbary Coast of North Africa on 28 November 1758.Ships of the Old Navy, "Lichfield".]

Career

"Lichfield" was build as a replacement to the previous HMS "Lichfield" which had been broken up in 1744, and used some of the timbers from that vessel. In June 1756, under Captain Matthew Barton, "Lichfield" captured the French ship of the line "Arc-en-Ciel" off Louisbourg, Nova Scotia during the Seven Years War. The ship left Cork Harbour, Ireland on 11 November 1758 along with four larger ships of the line, and six smaller vessels.The ships in the squadron were: HMS|Torbay|1719|2 (80), HMS|Nassau|1740|2 (70), HMS|Fougueux|1747|2 (64), HMS|Dunkirk|1734|2 (60), "Lichfield" (50), HMS|Prince Edward|1745|2 (44), HMS|Experiment|1740|2 (24), HMS|Roman Emperor|1757|2 (8) (fireship), HMS|Saltash|1746|2 (14), HMS|Firedrake|1741|2 (12) and HMS|Furnace|1740|2 (8) - both bomb vessels. Naval and military memoirs of Great Britain; Ships of the Old Navy.] Under the command of Commodore Augustus Keppel in HMS|Torbay|1719|6, the squadron was bound for the west coast of Africa to capture the island of Gorée from the French, and carried troops for this purpose.Bending Family History.] Naval and military memoirs of Great Britain.]

Loss

HMS "Lichfield" ran aground at around 6 am on 30 November 1758 on the Barbary Coast during a squall. 220 of the 350 crew managed to reach the shore, but were held as slaves for 18 months until ransomed with other Europeans for 170,000 dollars in April 1760.Remarkable Shipwrecks, p109-120.]

According to the account of Lieutenant Southerland:cquote|The voyage was prosperous till the 29th, when at eight in the evening I took charge of the watch, and the weather turned out very squally, with rain. At nine, it was extremely dark, with much lightning, the wind was varying from S.W. to W.N.W. At half past nine, had a very hard squall. Captain Barton staid till ten; and then left orders to keep sight of the Commodore, and what make sail the weather would permit. At eleven the Commodore bearing south, but the squalls were coming so heavy, we were obliged to hand the main top-sail, and at twelve o' clock, we were under our courses.

November 30th, at one in the morning, I left the deck in charge of the first lieutenant; the light, which we took to be the Commodore's, right ahead, bearing S. wind W.S.W. blowing very hard. At six in the morning I was awakened by a very great shock, and a confused noise of the men on deck. I ran up, thinking some ship had run afoul of us, for by my own reckoning, and that of every other person on the ship, we were at least 35 leagues distant from land; but, before I could reach the quarter-deck, the ship gave a great stroke upon the ground, and the sea broke over her.

Notes

References

*Lavery, Brian (2003) "The Ship of the Line - Volume 1: The development of the battlefleet 1650-1850." Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-252-8.
*Winfield, Rif (2001) "The 50-Gun Ship." Caxton Editions. ISBN 1-84067-365-6.
*Michael Phillips. [http://www.ageofnelson.org/MichaelPhillips/info.php?ref=5544 "Lichfield" (50) (1746)] . Michael Phillips' Ships of the Old Navy. Retrieved 10 August 2008.
*Michael Phillips. [http://www.ageofnelson.org/MichaelPhillips/index.html Age of Nelson - Ships of the Old Navy] . Michael Phillips' Ships of the Old Navy. Retrieved 10 August 2008.
*cite web | url=http://www.jbending.org.uk/pub1.htm#2 | accessdate=2007-03-18 | work=Bending Family History | title=Personal Histories - page 172
*cite web | title=Naval and military memoirs of Great Britain, from 1727 to 1783 | author=Robert Beatson | year=1804 | accessdate=2007-03-18 | url=http://books.google.com/books?vid=OCLC04643956&id=etEHAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA183&lpg=PA183&dq=Litchfield+1758
*cite book | publisher=Andrus and Starr, John Russell, Jr. Printer | editor=Andrus and Starr | title=Remarkable Shipwrecks; Or, A Collection of Interesting Accounts of Naval Disasters | location=Hartford, CT | pages=pp.109-120 | year=1813 | accessdate=2007-03-18 |chapter=The loss of His Majesty's Ship Litchfield, of Fifty guns, on the Coast of Barbary, Nov. 30, 1758 | chapterurl=http://books.google.com/books?id=Qy0-NE5lXOUC&vid=OCLC01319586&dq=shipwrecks+of+east+africa&jtp=109