Ramón Castillo

Infobox_President | name=Ramón Castillo
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nationality=Argentine
order=25th President of Argentina
term_start=June 27, 1942
term_end=June 4, 1943
predecessor=Roberto M. Ortiz
successor=Arturo Rawson
birth_date=November 20, 1873
birth_place= Ancasti, Catamarca
death_date=October 10, 1944
death_place= Buenos Aires
spouse=
party=National Democrat Party
vicepresident=
profession=Lawyer

Ramón S. Castillo Barrionuevo (November 20 1873 - October 10, 1944) was a conservative Argentine politician who served as President of Argentina from June 27 1942 to June 4 1943. He was a leading figure in the period known as the "Década Infame" characterised by electoral fraud, corruption and rule by conservative landowners heading the alliance known as the "Concordancia".

Castillo graduated in law from the University of Buenos Aires (UBA) and began a judicial career. he reached the Appeals Chamber of commercial law before retiring and dedicating himself to teaching. He was professor and dean at UBA between 1923 and 1928.

Castillo was named Federal Intervenor of Tucumán Province in 1930. From 1932 until 1935 he was elected to the Argentine Senate for Catamarca Province for the National Democrat Party and was also Minister of Interior.

From 1938 to 1942, Castillo was vice-president of Argentina under President Roberto Ortiz, who won the election by fraud at the head of the "Concordancia". He served as acting president from August 12 1940 to June 27 1942 due to the illness of President Ortiz, who did not resign until less than a month before his death. Castillo maintained Argentina's neutrality during World War II. He was overthrown in a military coup in the midst of an unpopular attempt to impose Robustiano Patrón Costas as his successor. Juan Domingo Perón was a junior officer in the coup.