- Vincent Baron
Vincent Baron was a French Dominican theologian and preacher. [ [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02304a.htm Vincent Baron] -
Catholic Encyclopedia article]Biography
He was born at
Martres , in thedépartement of theHaute-Garonne , France, 17 May, 1604; died in Paris on 21 January 1674. At the age of seventeen he passed from the college of theJesuits in Toulouse to the Dominican convent of St. Thomas in the same city. There he made his religious profession, 16 May, 1622, completed his course in philosophy and theology, and taught these branches. As early as 1634 he was first professor in his convent and conventual doctor in theUniversity of Toulouse . Rare erudition, depth of thought and clearness of exposition earned for him the reputation of being one of the leading theologians of France. While discharging his professorial duties he delivered courses of Lenten sermons in the principal churches ofToulouse ,Avignon ,Bordeaux and other cities of Southern France. Upon the invitation of the bishops ofLanguedoc he preached throughout their dioceses for ten years, reviving the faith of Catholics, elevating their morals, and combating the doctrine of theCalvinists , with whose ministers he frequently joined in open debate, sometimes in their public synods. In the pulpit Father Baron was always a teacher; but while intent upon forming the minds of his hearers he won their hearts by his disinterestedness, sincerity and charity. From 1630 to 1659 he filled the office ofprior in the convents of Toulouse (twice),Rhodez ,Castres ,Albi and Avignon and in thegeneral novitiate in Paris, always promoting the reforms in study and religious observance inaugurated bySebastien Michaelis in the first years of the century. In 1660, having declined the office of provincial in the Province of Toulouse, he was sent by themaster-general of his order to make a canonical visitation of the Portuguese convents. On his return to Paris he devoted himself during the remaining fourteen years of his life to the composition of theological works.Works
He published an abridgment of his controversies with Lutheranism under the title "L'heresie convaincue" (Paris, 1668). Of his sermons to Catholic congregations we have only those preached at Paris in 1658 and 1659 (Paris, 1660), doctrinal discourses and
panegyric s, composed in the forced style and manner of his age. His most important productions were written to satisfy the desire expressed byPope Alexander VII to the Dominicans assembled in a general chapter at Rome in 1656, that they should publish a course in moral theology conformable to the doctrine ofSt. Thomas Aquinas , and thus correct the laxity of morals encouraged by certaincasuist s. These works were:*(1) "Theologiae Moralis adv. Laxiores probabilistas pars prior" (Paris, 1665);
*(2) "Manuductionis ad Moralem Theologiam pars altera" (Paris, 1665);
*(3) "Theologia moralis Summa bipartita" (Paris, 1667).In these works, while condemning opinions that seemed too lax, and censuring others that appeared to be too rigorous, he defended the system of
Probabiliorism . WithJean de Launoy he was long in controversy as to the "Summa Theologiae " of Thomas Aquinas, the authenticity of which he ably defended, although he did not demonstrate it, as later writers have done. The manuscript of a work entitled "Apologia pro sacra congregatione Indicis" having been published with alterations made by a stranger, which brought upon it the condemnation of theSacred Congregation , he promised a new edition, which was embodied in his "SS. Augustini et Thomae vera et una mens de libertate humana" (Paris, 1666). Another work is his "Libri V apologetici pro religione, utraque theologia, moribus ac juribus Ord. Praed." (Paris, 1666). At the time of his death he was engaged on a complete course in theology to be entitled "D. Thomas sui Interpres". From this work, but half completed and never published, the one bearing the same title byAntoninus Massoulié , O.P., is entirely distinct.References
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