Ann Bassett

Ann Bassett (May 12, 1878-May 8, 1956) also known as Queen Ann Bassett, was a prominent female rancher of the Old West, and with her sister Josie Bassett, was an associate of outlaws, particularly Butch Cassidy's Wild Bunch.

Early life

Bassett was born to Herb Bassett and Elizabeth Chamberlain Bassett near Browns Park, but in Utah, the second of two daughters, her sister Josie being born in 1874. Herb Bassett was twenty years senior to Elizabeth Chamberlain Bassett, and the couple moved to Browns Park some time around the early 1870s.

Herb Bassett had a profitable cattle ranch which straddled both Utah and Wyoming, and partly in Colorado, and often did business with notable outlaws of the era, such as Butch Cassidy, Kid Curry, and Black Jack Ketchum, selling them horses and beef for supplies. Both Ann and Josie Bassett were attractive young women, well taught by their father in the arts of horse riding, roping, and shooting. Both were educated early on in prominent boarding schools, and were intelligent and articulate in their speech, but both chose to return to the life of ranching.

By the time Ann Bassett was 15, she had become involved romantically with Butch Cassidy. Her sister, Josie, also dated members of the gang, to include Elzy Lay. Outlaws Ben Kilpatrick and Will "News" Carver, who were both later members of the Wild Bunch gang, also dated the sisters. It was through these associations that Bassett was first exposed to outlaws.

Association with outlaws

In 1896, several cattle barons in the area made attempts to purchase the Bassett ranch from the Bassetts. When they refused, several began to rustle their cattle. Ann Bassett and her sister Josie in turn rustled cattle from the opposing cattle barons. This led to a feud, and resulted in the cattlemen bringing in "killer for hire" Tom Horn to deal with what the wealthy cattlemen deemed to be rustlers. Horn did eliminate several known rustlers during that time, and later he did kill two known rustlers who were known to be associated with the Bassett family, Islam Dart and Matt Rush, in 1900. However, Horn did not take any actions against the Bassetts, and his killing of Dart and Rush was due to another matter unrelated to the Bassett issue.

By 1896, Josie Bassett was heavily involved in a relationship with Elzy Lay, Cassidy's closest friend. Josie had also became involved with Cassidy shortly after his release from an eighteen month prison sentence, during which time Ann was involved with Ben Kilpatrick. When Elzy Lay began a relationship with a woman named Maude Davis, Josie became involved with Will "News" Carver, and Ann returned to her involvement with Cassidy. Through their relationships with the outlaws, and in exchange for their supplying the outlaws with beef and fresh horses from their ranch, the two sisters were in a position to get assistance from Cassidy and his gang in dealing with certain cattlemen who were pressuring them to sell.

This association was a deterrent that kept cowboys hired to harass the sisters from doing so, for fear of retribution from the outlaws. There was even one report that Kid Curry, easily the most feared member of the Wild Bunch gang, once paid a visit to several cowboys known to be employed by the cattlemen, warning them to leave the Bassetts alone. That cannot be confirmed, but although the problems with the wealthy cattlemen's association continued well into 1902, by late 1899 the problems were rare, and there was little pressure placed on the sisters to sell their ranch. Despite the seemingly constant changes in romantic partners by both the Bassett sisters and the gang members, there is no report of there ever being any animosity as a result of this, and it seemed to simply be the accepted way that things were.

Although both sisters were taking part in the fight against the powerful cattlemen's associations, it was Ann that became best known, with newspapers as well as friends dubbing her "Queen Ann Bassett". In early 1897, Bassett joined Cassidy at "Robbers Roost". Elzy Lay, having ended his relationship with Josie Bassett, joined them with his girlfriend Maude Davis. According to reports of the day, Bassett and Davis were two of only five women ever allowed into the "Robbers Roost" hideout, the other three being Josie Bassett, the Sundance Kid's girlfriend Etta Place, and Wild Bunch gang member Laura Bullion.

By April, 1897, the two women were sent home so Cassidy and his gang could concentrate on their next robbery. Cassidy would continue his romantic involvement with Bassett off and on for another four years, seeing her whenever he was near her ranch. The total length of their relationship was around seven years, but was interrupted often with his being away, and for an eighteen month period when he was in prison starting in 1894, during which time she was involved with Ben Kilpatrick.

By 1903 Bassett had married a rancher by the name of Henry Bernard. Shortly after the marriage, she was arrested for cattle rustling. She stood trial, but was acquitted and released. The marriage lasted six years, ending in divorce, with Bernard helping Bassett and her sister Josie in maintaining their ranch.

By 1904, most of the outlaws associated with the Bassett girls were either dead or had been captured by lawmen. Ann Bassett never saw Cassidy again after he first departed for South America. Several other outlaws from lesser known gangs drifted in and out of the ranch, usually visiting only to obtain beef or fresh horses, and have a place to stay for a few days. Elzy Lay reportedly visited the ranch again in 1906, shortly after his release from prison, before moving on to California where he lived out the remainder of his life as a respectable businessman. Herb Bassett died on July 30, 1918.

Ann Bassett in later life

Ann Bassett remarried in 1928 to cattleman Frank Willis. The couple remained in Utah, where they maintained a ranch. She remained there for the rest of her life. Willis reportedly loved her dearly, and the two worked closely together in their business. Before she died, she requested that she be cremated, and that her remains be spread across her birthplace in northern Utah. However, Willis is alleged to have grieved greatly over her death, and was unable to complete that task, keeping her ashes in his car for the remainder of his life. When he died in 1963, friends and family were the ones who buried her ashes in an undisclosed area in Browns Park.

The alleged Ann Bassett-Etta Place connection

Ann Bassett has often been accused of having actually been Etta Place, the girlfriend of the Sundance Kid, and who mysteriously disappeared from all public records in 1909 not long after his death. According to these speculations, Bassett led a double life, dating Cassidy as "Ann Bassett", and dating the Sundance Kid as "Etta Place". This would mean that she was involved with both outlaws at the same time, apparently with their full knowledge, but by 1900, when in their company, she simply went by the name of Etta Place.

Ann Bassett and Etta Place would have known one another and were alleged to have been at the "Robbers Roost" hideout at the same time on more than one occasion. Pinkerton reports give almost identical descriptions of both women, listing both with classic good looks, articulate speech and intelligence, the same hair color, describing both as being good with a rifle and riding a horse, and describing both as being promiscuous with both having taken several lovers. When comparing the best legitimate photograph of Place with the best photograph of Bassett, the two women could be mistaken for one another. Both are pretty, with similar facial features, hair color, and physical build. Author and researcher Doris Karren Burton indicates in her 1992 book, "Queen Ann Bassett: Alias Etta Place" that when Bassett is absent from historical records, Place is actively traveling with Cassidy and the Sundance Kid/Harry Longabaugh, and when Place is absent from historical records, Bassett is visible.

However, Burton did not account for documented instances showing Bassett to have been in the United States at the same time that Etta Place was known to have been in South America. While Place was in South America with Cassidy and Longabaugh in 1903, Bassett was under arrest for cattle rustling in Utah. Furthermore, she was also recently married. On the other hand, Place had departed for South America with Longabaugh in August, 1902, not to return to the United States, specifically New York City, until the summer of 1904. During that time, Bassett was married, incarcerated, tried, and released over a span of several months in 1903. Finally, Basset never claimed to have been Etta Place, even in her memoirs.

External links

* [http://www.legendsofamerica.com/WE-WomenList.html#Laura%20Bullion,%20aka:%20Della%20Rose%20(1876-19) Ann Bassett brief bio]
* [http://www.butchandsundance.com/timeline.htm Butch Cassidy timeline]
* [http://www.butchandsundance.com/players/elzylay.htm Wild Bunch, Elzy Lay]
* [http://www.poeforward.com/mrperfumery/deadgirls/historical/western/place/place.htm Place-Bassett similarities]
* [http://www.propertyportfolio.info/pages/Gossip/outlaws/bassett_girls.php The Bassett Girls]