Peter des Roches

Infobox Officeholder
honorific-prefix =
name =Peter des Roches
honorific-suffix =


imagesize =
small

caption =
order =
office = Chief Justiciar of England
term_start =1213
term_end =c.1215
vicepresident =
viceprimeminister =
deputy =
lieutenant =
monarch = John
Henry III
predecessor = Geoffrey Fitz Peter
successor = Hubert de Burgh
constituency =
majority =
birth_date =
birth_place =
death_date =9 June 1238
death_place =
nationality =
party =
spouse =
relations =
children =
residence =
alma_mater =
occupation =Bishop
profession =clergy
religion =Catholic


website =
footnotes =Infobox Bishop
name = Peter des Roches


religion =Catholic
see =Diocese of Winchester
bishop_of = Bishop of Winchester
enthroned = 1205
ended = 1238
predecessor = Richard Poore
successor =Ralph Neville
ordination =
other_post =Precentor of Lincoln
Archdeacon of Poitiers
birth_date =
birth_place =
death_date =9 June 1238
death_place =
buried =

Peter des Roches (died 9 June 1238) was bishop of Winchester in the reigns of John of England and his son Henry III. Roches was not an Englishman, but a Poitevin.

Life

Towards the end of Richard I's reign, Roches became Lord Chamberlain and an influential counsellor. He held the ecclesiastical offices of Archdeacon of Poitiers, treasurer of Poitiers, and was a precentor of the diocese of Lincoln in 1204. [http://british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=33562 British History Online Precentors of Lincoln] accessed on 2 November 2007]

In early 1205, through John's influence, he was elected to the see of Winchester.Powicke "Handbook of British Chronology" p. 258] His election was disputed but, on appeal, confirmed on 25 September 1205 by Pope Innocent III [http://british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=33876 British History Online Bishops of Winchester] accessed on 2 November 2007] who honored Roches by consecrating him in person on 24 March 1206. Nonetheless, the new bishop stood by John's side during the whole period of the papal interdict set upon him due to the death of his nephew Arthur I, Duke of Brittany.

In 1213 Roches was made Chief Justiciar in succession to Geoffrey Fitz Peter.Powicke "Handbook of British Chronology" p. 70] This promotion was justified by the fidelity with which Roches supported the king through the First Barons' War. However, by 1215, Hubert de Burgh was Chief Justiciar.

At the battle of Lincoln in 1217 the bishop led a division of the royal army and earned some distinction by his valour; but he played a secondary part in the government so long as William Marshal held the regency. After Marshal's death in 1219 Roches led the baronial opposition to Hubert de Burgh, with varying success. At first the justiciar was successful.

The bishop was responsible for founding several monasteries in England and France,cite book|last=Thompson|first= A. Hamilton|title=Netley Abbey|publisher=Her Majesty's Stationery Office|year=1953|pages=3|isbn=0116700203] including Titchfield Abbey

cite book|last=Burton|first=Janet|title=Monastic and Religious Orders in Britain, 1000-1300|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1984|pages=229|isbn=0521377978] and Netley Abbey, both in Hampshire, England, and La Clarté-Dieu in Poitou, France. He gave his protection to the first group of Dominican friars to come to England in 1221.cite book|last=Burton|first=Janet|title=Monastic and Religious Orders in Britain, 1000-1300|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1984|pages=112|isbn=0521377978]

He died on 9 June 1238.

ee also

* List of bishops of Winchester
*Netley Abbey
*Titchfield Abbey
*La Clarté-Dieu

Notes

References

*
* [http://british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=33876 British History Online Bishops of Winchester] accessed on 2 November 2007
* [http://british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=33562 British History Online Precentors of Lincoln] accessed on 2 November 2007
*
* Powicke, F. Maurice and E. B. Fryde "Handbook of British Chronology" 2nd. ed. London:Royal Historical Society 1961

Persondata
NAME=Peter des Roches
ALTERNATIVE NAMES=
SHORT DESCRIPTION=Bishop of Winchester; Chief Justiciar of England
DATE OF BIRTH=
PLACE OF BIRTH=
DATE OF DEATH=9 June 1238
PLACE OF DEATH=