Casimir Davaine

Infobox Scientist
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birth_date = March 19, 1812
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death_date = 14 October, 1882
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nationality = French
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field = microbiology
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known_for = Bacillus anthracis
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Casimir Davaine (March 19, 1812-14 October, 1882) was a French physician known for his work in the field of microbiology.

In 1850, Davaine along with French dermatologist Pierre François Olive Rayer (1793-1867) discovered a certain microorganism in the blood of diseased and dying sheep. In the diseased blood, Rayer and Davaine isolated the bacillus which is known as "Bacillus anthracis", the causative bacterium of anthrax. Soon afterwards, Rayer published an essay on anthrax, which contained the first description of "Bacillus anthracis".

In 1863 Davaine demonstrated that the anthrax bacillus could be directly transmitted from one animal to another. He was able to identify the causative organism but unable to solve what created it. That was left to the German physician Robert Koch, who discovered the responsible pathogen.

Casimir Davaine is also credited for pioneer work in the study of septicemia (blood poisoning).

References

*Nancy Tomes "The Gospel of Germs: Men, Women, and the Microbe in American Life"
*cite journal
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last=Théodoridès
first=J
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year=1994
month=
title= [Former observations of urinary bilharziasis and wuchereriosis]
journal=Bulletin de la Société de pathologie exotique (1990)
volume=87
issue=3
pages=191-3
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pmid = 7827524
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*cite journal
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last=Rocchietta
first=S
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year=1970
month=Jan
title= [Casimir Joseph Davaine (1812-1882), pioneer of medical microbiology]
journal=Minerva Med.
volume=61
issue=6
pages=XI
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pmid = 4904892
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*cite journal
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last=Théodoridès
first=J
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year=1966
month=Apr
title=Casimir Davaine (1812-1882): a precursor of Pasteur
journal=Medical history
volume=10
issue=2
pages=155-65
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pmid = 5325873
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*cite journal
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last=LAGRANGE
first=E
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year=1955
month=Feb
title= [Casimir Davaine, pioneer in two fields.]
journal=La Presse médicale
volume=63
issue=12
pages=234-5
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pmid = 14371473
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