Prostatitis

Prostatitis

__NOTOC__Prostatitis is an inflammation of the prostate gland in men. A prostatitis diagnosis is assigned at 8% of all urologist and 1% of all primary care physician visits in the United States.cite journal |author=Collins MM, Stafford RS, O'Leary MP, Barry MJ |title=How common is prostatitis? A national survey of physician visits |journal=J. Urol. |volume=159 |issue=4 |pages=1224–8 |year=1998 |pmid=9507840| doi = 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)63564-X ]

Classification

The term "prostatitis" refers, in its strictest sense, to histological (microscopic) inflammation of the tissue of the prostate gland, although it is loosely (and confusingly) used to describe several completely different conditions. To remedy this, the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) devised a new classification system in 1999, comprising four categories of prostatitis:

Category I

Acute prostatitis is a bacterial infection of the prostate gland that requires urgent medical treatment.

Category II

Chronic bacterial prostatitis is a relatively rare condition that usually presents as intermittent urinary tract infections.

Category III

Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome (CP/CPPS), accounting for 90%-95% of prostatitis diagnoses,cite journal |author=Habermacher GM, Chason JT, Schaeffer AJ |title=Prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome |journal=Annu. Rev. Med. |volume=57 |issue= |pages=195–206 |year=2006 |pmid=16409145 |doi=10.1146/annurev.med.57.011205.135654] is also known as "chronic nonbacterial prostatitis". The annual prevalence in the population of chronic pelvic pain syndrome is 0.5%.cite journal |author=Taylor BC, Noorbaloochi S, McNaughton-Collins M, "et al" |title=Excessive antibiotic use in men with prostatitis |journal=Am. J. Med. |volume=121 |issue=5 |pages=444–9 |year=2008 |month=May |pmid=18456041 |pmc=2409146 |doi=10.1016/j.amjmed.2008.01.043 |url=] Men in this category have no known infection, but do have extensive pelvic pain lasting more than 3 months.cite journal |author=Luzzi GA |title=Chronic prostatitis and chronic pelvic pain in men: aetiology, diagnosis and management |journal=Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV |volume=16 |issue=3 |pages=253–6 |year=2002 |pmid=12195565 |doi=] There are no standard diagnostic tests; diagnosis is by exclusion of other disease entities. Multimodal therapy is the most successful treatment option,cite journal |author=Potts JM |title=Therapeutic options for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome |journal=Current urology reports |volume=6 |issue=4 |pages=313–7 |year=2005 |pmid=15978236 |doi=] and includes α-blockers,cite journal |author=Yang G, Wei Q, Li H, Yang Y, Zhang S, Dong Q |title=The effect of alpha-adrenergic antagonists in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials |journal=J. Androl. |volume=27 |issue=6 |pages=847–52 |year=2006 |pmid=16870951 |doi=10.2164/jandrol.106.000661 |quote=...treatment duration should be long enough (more than 3 months)] phytotherapy,cite journal |author=Shoskes DA, Zeitlin SI, Shahed A, Rajfer J |title=Quercetin in men with category III chronic prostatitis: a preliminary prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial |journal=Urology |volume=54 |issue=6 |pages=960–3 |year=1999 |pmid=10604689 |doi=] cite journal |author=Elist J |title=Effects of pollen extract preparation Prostat/Poltit on lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with chronic nonbacterial prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study |journal=Urology |volume=67 |issue=1 |pages=60–3 |year=2006 |pmid=16413333 |doi=10.1016/j.urology.2005.07.035] and protocols aimed at quieting the pelvic nerves through myofascial trigger point release with psychological re-training for anxiety control.cite journal |author=Anderson RU, Wise D, Sawyer T, Chan C |title=Integration of myofascial trigger point release and paradoxical relaxation training treatment of chronic pelvic pain in men |journal=J. Urol. |volume=174 |issue=1 |pages=155–60 |year=2005 |pmid=15947608 |doi=10.1097/01.ju.0000161609.31185.d5] cite journal |author=Anderson RU, Wise D, Sawyer T, Chan CA |title=Sexual dysfunction in men with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: improvement after trigger point release and paradoxical relaxation training |journal=J. Urol. |volume=176 |issue=4 Pt 1 |pages=1534–8; discussion 1538–9 |year=2006 |pmid=16952676 |doi=10.1016/j.juro.2006.06.010] Antibiotics are not recommended.cite journal |author=Alexander RB, Propert KJ, Schaeffer AJ, "et al" |title=Ciprofloxacin or tamsulosin in men with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a randomized, double-blind trial |journal=Ann. Intern. Med. |volume=141 |issue=8 |pages=581–9 |year=2004 |pmid=15492337 |doi=] cite journal |author=Nickel JC, Downey J, Clark J, "et al" |title=Levofloxacin for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome in men: a randomized placebo-controlled multicenter trial |journal=Urology |volume=62 |issue=4 |pages=614–7 |year=2003 |pmid=14550427 |doi=]

Category IV

Asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis patients have no history of genitourinary pain complaints, but leukocytosis is noted, usually during evaluation for other conditions. Between 6-19% of men have pus cells in their semen but no symptoms.cite journal |author=Korrovits P, Ausmees K, Mändar R, Punab M |title=Prevalence of asymptomatic inflammatory (National Institutes of Health Category IV) prostatitis in young men according to semen analysis |journal=Urology |volume=71 |issue=6 |pages=1010–5 |year=2008 |month=June |pmid=18455767 |doi=10.1016/j.urology.2007.12.082 |url=]

ee also

*Interstitial cystitis — a related disease.

External links

*Dmoz|Health/Men%27s_Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/Prostate/Prostatitis/|Prostatitis

Footnotes


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  • Prostatitis — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda La prostatitis es una inflamación de la próstata. Comprende un conjunto de síndromes, enfermedades y trastornos funcionales que afectan a la próstata o al área perineal con una sintomatología similar y con una… …   Wikipedia Español

  • prostatitis — f. anat. patol. Inflamación crónica o aguda de la próstata, debida en la mayoría de los casos a un proceso infeccioso. Las prostatitis de tipo crónico no suelen dar ningún síntoma, y tan solo se descubre tras efectuar algún tipo de exploración;… …   Diccionario médico

  • Prostatitis — Pros ta*ti tis, n. [NL. See {Prostate}, and { itis}.] (Med.) Inflammation of the prostate. [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • prostatitis — 1890, from PROSTATE (Cf. prostate) + ITIS (Cf. itis) …   Etymology dictionary

  • prostatitis — prostatìtis m DEFINICIJA pat. akutna i kronična upala prostate ETIMOLOGIJA v. prostata + itis …   Hrvatski jezični portal

  • prostatitis — (De próstata e itis). f. Med. Inflamación de la próstata …   Diccionario de la lengua española

  • prostatitis — [präs΄tə tīt′is] n. [see ITIS] inflammation of the prostate gland …   English World dictionary

  • Prostatitis — Prostata und umgebende Organe …   Deutsch Wikipedia

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  • Prostatitis — (De próstata + gr. itis, inflamación.) ► sustantivo femenino MEDICINA Inflamación de la próstata. IRREG. plural prostatitis * * * prostatitis (de «próstata» e « itis») f. Med. Inflamación de la próstata. * * * prostatitis …   Enciclopedia Universal

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