BAR domain

BAR (Bin–Amphiphysin–Rvs) domains are highly conserved protein dimerisation domains that occur in many proteins involved in membrane dynamics in a cell. The BAR domain is banana shaped and binds to membrane via its concave face. It is capable of sensing membrane curvature by binding preferentially to curved membranes. The occurrence in different protein and more information can be found on [http://www.endocytosis.org/BARdomains/BARs.html endocytosis.org] .

BAR domains occur in combinations with other domains

Many BAR family proteins contain alternative lipid specificity domains that help target these protein to particular membrane compartments. Some also have SH3 domains that bind to dynamin and thus proteins like amphiphysin and endophilin are implicated in the orchestration of vesicle scission.

N-BAR domain

Some BAR domain containing proteins have an N-terminal amphipathic helix preceding the BAR domain. This helix inserts (like in the epsin ENTH domain) into the membrane and induces curvature, which is stabilised by the BAR dimer. Amphiphysin, endophilin, BRAP1/bin2 and nadrin are examples of such proteins containing an N-BAR.

F-BAR (EFC) domain

F-BAR domains (for FCH-BAR, or EFC for Extended FCH Homology) are BAR domains that are extensions of the already established FCH domain. They are frequently found at the amino terminus of proteins. They can bind lipid membranes and can tubulate lipids in vitro and in vivo, but their exact physiological role remains to be elucidated. Syndapin/pacsin proteins are an example of an F-BAR protein family.

ee also

* Epsin

External links

* - BAR domain in PROSITE

Publications

*cite journal |author=Leventis PA, Chow BM, Stewart BA, Iyengar B, Campos AR, Boulianne GL |title=Drosophila Amphiphysin is a post-synaptic protein required for normal locomotion but not endocytosis |journal=Traffic |volume=2 |issue=11 |pages=839–50 |year=2001 |month=November |pmid=11733051 |doi= |url=http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/openurl?genre=article&sid=nlm:pubmed&issn=1398-9219&date=2001&volume=2&issue=11&spage=839
*cite journal |author=Zhang B, Zelhof AC |title=Amphiphysins: raising the BAR for synaptic vesicle recycling and membrane dynamics. Bin-Amphiphysin-Rvsp |journal=Traffic |volume=3 |issue=7 |pages=452–60 |year=2002 |month=July |pmid=12047553 |doi= |url=http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/openurl?genre=article&sid=nlm:pubmed&issn=1398-9219&date=2002&volume=3&issue=7&spage=452Review.
*cite journal |author=Zelhof AC, Bao H, Hardy RW, Razzaq A, Zhang B, Doe CQ |title=Drosophila Amphiphysin is implicated in protein localization and membrane morphogenesis but not in synaptic vesicle endocytosis |journal=Development |volume=128 |issue=24 |pages=5005–15 |year=2001 |month=December |pmid=11748137 |doi= |url=http://dev.biologists.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=11748137
*cite journal |author=Mathew D, Popescu A, Budnik V |title=Drosophila amphiphysin functions during synaptic Fasciclin II membrane cycling |journal=J. Neurosci. |volume=23 |issue=33 |pages=10710–6 |year=2003 |month=November |pmid=14627656 |doi= |url=http://www.jneurosci.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=14627656
*Peter, B.J., Kent, H.M., Mills, I.G., Vallis, Y., Butler, P.J.G., Evans, P.R. and McMahon, H.T. (2004) BAR Domains as Sensors of Membrane Curvature: the Amphiphysin BAR Structure. Science 303, 495-499. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=14645856&query_hl=2&itool=pubmed_docsum pubmed]
*Weissenhorn W. (2005) Crystal structure of the endophilin-A1 BAR domain. J. Mol. Biol. 19, 185-196. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=16023669&query_hl=1&itool=pubmed_docsum pubmed]
*Gallop, J.L., Jao, C.C., Kent, H.M., Butler, P.J.G., Evans, P.R., Langen, R. and McMahon, H.T. (2006) Mechanism of endophilin N-BAR domain-mediated membrane curvature. EMBO J. 25, 2898-2910. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=16763559&query_hl=1&itool=pubmed_docsum pubmed]
*Masuda M, Takeda S, Sone M, Ohki T, Mori H, Kamioka Y, Mochizuki N. (2006) Endophilin BAR domain drives membrane curvature by two newly identified structure-based mechanisms. EMBO J. 25, 2889-2897. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=16763557&query_hl=1&itool=pubmed_docsum pubmed]
*Frost A, Perera R, Roux A, Spasov K, Destaing O, Egelman EH, De Camilli P, Unger VM. (2008) Structural basis of membrane invagination by F-BAR domains. Cell March 7;132(5):807-17. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=18329367&query_hl=1&itool=pubmed_docsum pubmed]