Interleukin 11 (IL-11) is a multifunctional cytokine first isolated in 1990 from bone marrow-derived stromal cells. It is a key regulator of multiple events in hemtaopoiesis, most notably the stimulation of megakaryocyte maturation.[cite journal | author = Paul SR, Bennett F, Calvetti JA, Kelleher K, Wood CR, O'Hara RM, Leary AC, Sibley B, Clark SC, Williams DA | title = Molecular cloning of a cDNA encoding interleukin 11, a stromal cell-derived lymphopoietic and hematopoietic cytokine | journal = Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | volume = 87 | issue = 19 | pages = 7512–6 | year = 1990 | pmid = 2145578 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.87.19.7512 | issn = ] It is also known under the names Adipogenesis inhibitory factor (AGIF)][cite journal | author = Kawashima I, Ohsumi J, Mita-Honjo K, Shimoda-Takano K, Ishikawa H, Sakakibara S, Miyadai K, Takiguchi Y | title = Molecular cloning of cDNA encoding adipogenesis inhibitory factor and identity with interleukin-11 | journal = FEBS Lett. | volume = 283 | issue = 2 | pages = 199–202 | year = 1991 | pmid = 1828438 | doi = 10.1016/0014-5793(91)80587-S | issn = ] and Oprelvekin. ]Compared to other interleukins, IL-11 relatively under-characterized.
The human IL-11 gene, consisting of 5 exons and 4 introns, is located on chromosome 19.[cite journal | author = McKinley D, Wu Q, Yang-Feng T, Yang YC | title = Genomic sequence and chromosomal location of human interleukin-11 gene (IL11) | journal = Genomics | volume = 13 | issue = 3 | pages = 814–9 | year = 1992 | pmid = 1386338 | doi = 10.1016/0888-7543(92)90158-O | issn = ] IL-11 is a member of the IL-6-type cytokine family, distinguished based on their use of a common transmembrane signal transducer.]Functions
IL-11 has been demonstrated to improve platelet recovery after chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia, induce acute phase proteins, modulate antigen-antibody responses, participate in the regulation of bone cell proliferation and differentiation and could be use as a therapeutic for osteoporosis. Besides from lymphopoietic/hematopoietic and osteotrophic properties, it has functions in many tissues such as brain, gut and testis. IL-11 stimulates the growth of certain lymphocytes and, in the murine model, stimulates an increase in the cortical thickness and strength of long bones.
References
Further reading
PBB_Further_reading
citations =
*cite journal | author=Yang YC, Yin T |title=Interleukin-11 and its receptor. |journal=Biofactors |volume=4 |issue= 1 |pages= 15–21 |year= 1993 |pmid= 1292471 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Bhatia M, Davenport V, Cairo MS |title=The role of interleukin-11 to prevent chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia in patients with solid tumors, lymphoma, acute myeloid leukemia and bone marrow failure syndromes. |journal=Leuk. Lymphoma |volume=48 |issue= 1 |pages= 9–15 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17325843 |doi= 10.1080/10428190600909115
*cite journal | author=McKinley D, Wu Q, Yang-Feng T, Yang YC |title=Genomic sequence and chromosomal location of human interleukin-11 gene (IL11). |journal=Genomics |volume=13 |issue= 3 |pages= 814–9 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1386338 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Kawashima I, Ohsumi J, Mita-Honjo K, "et al." |title=Molecular cloning of cDNA encoding adipogenesis inhibitory factor and identity with interleukin-11. |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=283 |issue= 2 |pages= 199–202 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1828438 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Paul SR, Bennett F, Calvetti JA, "et al." |title=Molecular cloning of a cDNA encoding interleukin 11, a stromal cell-derived lymphopoietic and hematopoietic cytokine. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=87 |issue= 19 |pages= 7512–6 |year= 1990 |pmid= 2145578 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Wang XY, Fuhrer DK, Marshall MS, Yang YC |title=Interleukin-11 induces complex formation of Grb2, Fyn, and JAK2 in 3T3L1 cells. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=270 |issue= 47 |pages= 27999–8002 |year= 1996 |pmid= 7499280 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Chérel M, Sorel M, Lebeau B, "et al." |title=Molecular cloning of two isoforms of a receptor for the human hematopoietic cytokine interleukin-11. |journal=Blood |volume=86 |issue= 7 |pages= 2534–40 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7670098 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Yamaguchi M, Miki N, Ono M, "et al." |title=Inhibition of growth hormone-releasing factor production in mouse placenta by cytokines using gp130 as a signal transducer. |journal=Endocrinology |volume=136 |issue= 3 |pages= 1072–8 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7867561 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Mehler MF, Rozental R, Dougherty M, "et al." |title=Cytokine regulation of neuronal differentiation of hippocampal progenitor cells. |journal=Nature |volume=362 |issue= 6415 |pages= 62–5 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8383296 |doi= 10.1038/362062a0
*cite journal | author=Morris JC, Neben S, Bennett F, "et al." |title=Molecular cloning and characterization of murine interleukin-11. |journal=Exp. Hematol. |volume=24 |issue= 12 |pages= 1369–76 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8913282 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Neddermann P, Graziani R, Ciliberto G, Paonessa G |title=Functional expression of soluble human interleukin-11 (IL-11) receptor alpha and stoichiometry of in vitro IL-11 receptor complexes with gp130. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=271 |issue= 48 |pages= 30986–91 |year= 1997 |pmid= 8940087 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Barton VA, Hudson KR, Heath JK |title=Identification of three distinct receptor binding sites of murine interleukin-11. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=274 |issue= 9 |pages= 5755–61 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10026196 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Tacken I, Dahmen H, Boisteau O, "et al." |title=Definition of receptor binding sites on human interleukin-11 by molecular modeling-guided mutagenesis. |journal=Eur. J. Biochem. |volume=265 |issue= 2 |pages= 645–55 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10504396 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Mahboubi K, Biedermann BC, Carroll JM, Pober JS |title=IL-11 activates human endothelial cells to resist immune-mediated injury. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=164 |issue= 7 |pages= 3837–46 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10725745 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Barton VA, Hall MA, Hudson KR, Heath JK |title=Interleukin-11 signals through the formation of a hexameric receptor complex. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=275 |issue= 46 |pages= 36197–203 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10948192 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M004648200
*cite journal | author=Curti A, Tafuri A, Ricciardi MR, "et al." |title=Interleukin-11 induces proliferation of human T-cells and its activity is associated with downregulation of p27(kip1). |journal=Haematologica |volume=87 |issue= 4 |pages= 373–80 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11940481 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Van der Meeren A, Mouthon MA, Gaugler MH, "et al." |title=Administration of recombinant human IL11 after supralethal radiation exposure promotes survival in mice: interactive effect with thrombopoietin. |journal=Radiat. Res. |volume=157 |issue= 6 |pages= 642–9 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12005542 |doi=
*cite journal | author=McCloy MP, Roberts IA, Howarth LJ, "et al." |title=Interleukin-11 levels in healthy and thrombocytopenic neonates. |journal=Pediatr. Res. |volume=51 |issue= 6 |pages= 756–60 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12032273 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Bartz H, Büning-Pfaue F, Türkel O, Schauer U |title=Respiratory syncytial virus induces prostaglandin E2, IL-10 and IL-11 generation in antigen presenting cells. |journal=Clin. Exp. Immunol. |volume=129 |issue= 3 |pages= 438–45 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12197884 |doi=
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