Abdul Karim

Infobox Person
name = Abdul Karim


caption = Portrait of the Munshi by Rudolf Swoboda
birth_date = 1863?
birth_place = not known
death_date = 1909
death_place = Agra, British India
other_names = The Munshi
known_for = Servant and clerk/secretary to Queen Victoria
nationality = Indian

Hafiz Abdul Karim CIE (1863?-1909), better known as "the Munshi" (variously translated as "teacher" or "clerk" in Urdu), was an Indian servant of Queen Victoria who gained her affection in the final fifteen years of her reign.

The Munshi was one of two Indian servants brought over to mark Victoria's Golden Jubilee in 1887. The Munshi was initially a dining room waiter. The Queen took a great liking to him, and, after he supposedly alleged that he had been a clerk at home and thus menial work as a waiter was beneath him, [ [http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/masterpiece/mbrown/men/karim_bio.html Abdul Karim ] ] he was soon promoted to the unique position of "the Queen's Munshi"--he gave her Hindustani and Urdu language lessons, [ [http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3724/is_199609/ai_n8744036 Empress and I, The | Spectator, The | Find Articles at BNET.com ] ] and taught her Indian customs. In later years, he became first Personal Indian Clerk to the Queen, and later her Indian Secretary (not to be confused with the Cabinet office of Secretary of State for India).

The Munshi was perceived to take advantage of his position as the Queen's favourite, causing resentment from the court. [ [http://www.geocities.com/jesusib/GoldenJubilee.html GoldenJubilee ] ] He brought his wife and other family members from India to Britain, where they were settled at Royal expense. He exaggerated his origins, saying that his father was a doctor in the Indian Army, when he was in fact a native healer to the jail at Agra. When confronted with this, the Queen defended her favourite. Victoria's advisors also feared his association with Rafiuddin Ahmed, an Indian politician resident in London and candidate for Parliament, fearing that Ahmed would extract confidential information from the Munshi. [ [http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3724/is_199609/ai_n8744036/pg_1 Empress and I, The | Spectator, The | Find Articles at BNET.com ] ] There is no indication that their fears were realized, or that the Munshi was ever indiscreet (even after Victoria's death), for he burned or surrendered their correspondence.

The Queen showered him with honours, including making him a Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire. [ [http://www.islamic-foundation.org.uk/articles/hereToStayGoneTomorrow.htm Here To Stay Gone Tomorrow ] ] She awarded him land in Agra [ [http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/history/empire/episodes/episode_66.shtml BBC - Radio 4 Empire - Queen Victoria and Abdul Karim ] ] and lodged him and his family in cottages at Balmoral, Windsor and Osborne House. After the Queen's death, her son, King Edward VII dismissed the Munshi and his relations from his court and had his officials send them back to India. King Edward did, however, allow the Munshi to be the last to view his mother's body before the casket was closed, and to be part of her funeral procession. After returning to India, the Munshi lived in his home in Agra, Karim Lodge, until his 1909 death. [ [http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/mp/2002/10/28/stories/2002102800540200.htm The Hindu : Delhi's hall and arch of fame ] ]

References

*Anand, Sushila (1996). "Indian Sahib: Queen Victoria's Dear Abdul". London: Gerald Duckworth & Co.