- Penco
Penco (
Mapudungun : "Peumo water") is aChile an city and commune inConcepción Province ,Biobío Region on theBay of Concepción . Founded as the city of Concepción del Nuevo Extremo onFebruary 12 ,1550 byPedro de Valdivia , it is the third oldest city in the country after Santiago founded first in1541 and La Serena second in1544 .In previous centuries, in the current location of Penco, was the first location where the city of Concepción was established, which is now the capital of the
Bío-Bío Region . It was destroyed by Lautaro in 1554, and rebuilt and destroyed again by Lautaro in 1555. It was reestablished in 1557 during the governorship of García Hurtado de Mendoza when he landed there and built a fort on the Alto de Pinto. The city was reestablished January 6, 1558, by capitán Jerónimo de Villegas. It became the headquarters of the military forces engaged against theMapuche inAraucania over the next two centuries growing to a population of 10,000 despite suffering asiege in1564 and other attacks by the Mapuche.Due to
earthquakes andtsunamis , which razed the city in 1570, 1657, 1687, 1730 and another on May 25, 1751, the authorities decided to move the city to its current location to theValle de la Mocha , alongside theBío-Bío River and prohibited the occupation of the old location, which remained unpopulated until March 29, 1842, when the present city of Penco was founded.To an outsider, there may be confusion between the
demonyms of the inhabitants of Concepción and Penco. Due to the previous location of Concepción, inhabitants of that city are called "penquistas" while inhabitants of Penco are known as "pencones".Source
* [http://books.google.com/books?id=CYYCAAAAYAAJ&printsec=titlepage#PPA533,M1 Francisco Solano Asta-Buruaga y Cienfuegos, Diccionario geográfico de la República de Chile, SEGUNDA EDICIÓN CORREGIDA Y AUMENTADA, NUEVA YORK, D. APPLETON Y COMPAÑÍA. 1899.] Pg. 533-535, Penco.
External links
* [http://www.penco.cl/ Penco's Website (Spanish)]
* [http://books.google.com/books?id=q1a4j2HNmjUC David Marley, Historic Cities of the Americas: An Illustrated Encyclopedia, ABC-CLIO, 2005, ISBN 1576070271, 9781576070277]
** [http://books.google.com/books?id=q1a4j2HNmjUC&pg=RA1-PA717&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=0_0&sig=ACfU3U21ayAAmuNTcU5q6IpGjGlFcF6lOg#PRA1-PA717,M1 Concepcion]
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