Eugene Siler

"For the victim of police brutality, see Lester Eugene Siler"

Infobox_Congressman
name=Eugene Siler


state=Kentucky
district=8th and 5th
term=1955-1963 (8th), 1963-1965 (5th)
preceded=James S. Golden (8th), Brent Spence (5th)
succeeded= Tim Lee Carter
date of birth= birth date|1900|6|26|mf=y
place of birth=Williamsburg, KY
date of death=death date and age|1987|12|5|1900|6|26|mf=y
place of death=Louisville, KY
spouse=
profession=attorney
religion=Baptist
party=Republican|

Eugene Siler (June 26, 1900 – December 5, 1987) was a member of the United States House of Representatives from Kentucky between 1955 and 1965. He was the only member of the House of Representatives to oppose (by pairing against) the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution. That resolution authorized deeper involvement of the United States in the Vietnam War.

A self-described “Kentucky hillbilly,” Siler was born in Williamsburg, Kentucky, a town nestled in the mountains in the southeastern part of the state. Unlike most Kentuckians, he, like his neighbors, was a rock-ribbed Republican. The people of this impoverished area had backed the Union during the Civil War and had stood by the Republican party in good times and bad ever since. Siler served in the United States Navy in World War I and two decades later as a United States Army captain during World War II. His experiences with the realities of war left him cold to most proposals to send American troops into harm’s way.

After attending Columbia University, Siler returned to Williamsburg to be a small town lawyer. A devout Baptist, he gained local renown as a lay preacher, eventually serving as moderator of the General Association of Baptists in Kentucky. He abstained from alcohol, tobacco, and profanity. As a lawyer, he turned away all clients seeking divorces or who were accused of whiskey-related crimes.

He began service as an elected judge of the Court of Appeals of Kentucky in 1945 and promptly refused his regular monthly allotment of 150 dollars for expenses. Instead, he gave the money to a special fund he set up for scholarships. Not surprisingly, Siler often quoted the scriptures from the bench. He did the same in his speeches as the unsuccessful Republican candidate for governor in 1951 earning him a statewide reputation as a “Bible Crusader.”

Siler was the Republican nominee for Governor of Kentucky in 1951. He was defeated by Democrat Lawrence Wetherby. Wetherby won 346,345 votes (54.6%) to Siler's 288,014 (45.4%).

Siler consistently stressed social conservatism during his tenure in the United States House of Representatives which began in 1955. He sponsored a bill to ban liquor and beer advertising in all interstate media. He said that permitting these ads was akin to allowing the “harsh hussy” to advertise in “the open door of her place of business for the allurement of our school children.” Of course, he was “100 percent for Bible reading and the Lord’s Prayer in our public schools.”

Like his good friend, and fellow Republican, from Iowa, Rep. H.R. Gross, Siler considered himself to be a fiscal watchdog. He disdained all junkets and railed against government debt and high spending. Siler made exceptions for the home folks, however, by supporting flood control and other federal measures that aided his district.

As with Gross, Siler was a Robert A. Taft, or Old Right, Republican who was averse to entangling alliances and foreign quagmires. A consistent opponent of foreign aid, he was just one of two congressmen to vote against John F. Kennedy’s call up of reserves during the Berlin crisis. He favored Barry M. Goldwater in 1964, but never shared his hawkish views. The people back home did not seem to mind. Sometimes, the Democrats failed to even put up a candidate against him.

Siler was an early, and prescient, critic of U.S. involvement in Vietnam. In June 1964, shortly after deciding not to run again, he quipped, half in jest, that he was running for president as an antiwar candidate. He pledged to resign after one day in office, staying just long enough to bring the troops home. He characterized the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, which authorized Johnson to take “all necessary steps” in Vietnam as a “buck-passing” pretext to “seal the lips of Congress against future criticism.”

The worsening situation in Vietnam War prompted Siler to come out of retirement in 1968 to run for the U.S. Senate Republican nomination on a platform calling for withdrawal of all U.S. troops by Christmas. He lost. Ernest Gruening of Alaska and Wayne Morse of Oregon, the only two U.S. Senators who voted against the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, also went down to defeat that year.

Buildings named for Siler

* In 1985, Cumberland College, in Siler's hometown of Williamsburg, built a men's residence hall named Eugene Siler Hall. [http://www.ucumberlands.edu/admissions/virtual_tour/siler/]

References

* David T. Beito and Linda Royster Beito [http://hnn.us/articles/28879.html "The Christian Conservative Who Opposed the Vietnam War"] History News Network, August 21, 2006.

* [http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=S000408 United States Congress biography]