Autoradiograph

Autoradiograph

An autoradiograph is an image on an x-ray film or nuclear emulsion produced by the pattern of decay emissions (e.g., beta particles or gamma rays) from a distribution of a radioactive substance. Alternatively, the autoradiograph can also be available as a digital image (digital autoradiography), thanks to the recent development of scintillation gas detectors [ [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10319763?ordinalpos=2&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum Optimization of a new scintillation gas detector u... [J Nucl Med. 1999 - PubMed Result ] ] or rare earth phosphorimaging systems [ [http://mrw.interscience.wiley.com/emrw/9780470015902/els/article/a0002973/current/html Wiley InterScience :: Session Cookies ] ] . In biology, this technique may be used to determine the tissue localization of a radioactive substance, either introduced into a metabolic pathway, bound to a receptor [ [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/938940?ordinalpos=1&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum Localization of cholinergic muscarinic receptors i... [Brain Res. 1976 - PubMed Result ] ] [ [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/228806?ordinalpos=25&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum A new method for receptor autoradiography: [3Hopi... [Brain Res. 1979 - PubMed Result ] ] or enzyme, or hybridized to a nucleic acid [ [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9021518?ordinalpos=10&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum In situ hybridization: methods and applications. [J Clin Lab Anal. 1997 - PubMed Result ] ] . The film or emulsion is apposed to the labeled tissue section to obtain the autoradiograph (also called an autoradiogram). The auto- prefix indicates that the radioactive substance is within the sample, as distinguished from the case of historadiography or microradiography, in which the sample is X-rayed using an external source.

The use of radiolabeled ligands to determine the tissue distributions of receptors is termed either in vivo or in vitro receptor autoradiography if the ligand is administered into the circulation (with subsequent tissue removal and sectioning) or applied to the tissue sections, respectively. The ligands are generally labeled with 3H (tritium) or 125I.The distribution of RNA transcripts in tissue sections by the use of radiolabeled, complementary oligonucleotides or ribonucleic acids ("riboprobes") is called in situ hybridization histochemistry. RNA or DNA viral sequences can also be located in this fashion. These probes are usually labeled with 32P, 33P, or 35S.

This autoradiographic approach contrasts to techniques such as PET and SPECT where the exact 3-dimensional localization of the radiation source is provided by careful use of coincidence counting, gamma counters and other devices.

References

Additional References

#Andrew W. Rogers. Techniques of Autoradiography, Elsevier North Holland, 3rd edition, 1979.


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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Autoradiograph — Au to*ra di*o*graph, n. same as {autoradiogram}. [PJC] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • autoradiograph — autoradiograph. = radioautograph (см.). (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • autoradiograph — autoradiograph. См. авторадиограф. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • autoradiograph — [ôt΄ō rā′dē ə graf΄] n. [ AUTO + RADIOGRAPH] an X ray photograph made by bringing an object containing radioactive material into close contact with the emulsion on a film or plate: it shows the pattern of radioactivity in the object: also… …   English World dictionary

  • autoradiograph — Image of the distribution and concentration of radioactivity in a tissue or other substance made by placing a photographic emulsion on the surface of, or in close proximity to, the substance. SYN: autoradiogram. * * * au·to·ra·dio·graph .g …   Medical dictionary

  • Autoradiograph — autoradiografas statusas T sritis fizika atitikmenys: angl. autoradiograph; radioautograph vok. Autoradiograph, m; Radioautograph, m rus. авторадиограф, m; радиоавтограф, m pranc. autoradiographe, m …   Fizikos terminų žodynas

  • autoradiograph — autoradiografas statusas T sritis fizika atitikmenys: angl. autoradiograph; radioautograph vok. Autoradiograph, m; Radioautograph, m rus. авторадиограф, m; радиоавтограф, m pranc. autoradiographe, m …   Fizikos terminų žodynas

  • autoradiograph — radiograph a di*o*graph (r[=a] d[i^]*[ o]*gr[a^]f), n. [Radio + graph.] 1. An instrument for measuring and recording solar radiation. [Webster 1913 Suppl.] 2. An image or picture produced upon a sensitive surface, as of a photographic or… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • autoradiograph — noun Etymology: International Scientific Vocabulary Date: 1903 an image produced on a photographic film or plate by the radiations from a radioactive substance in an object which is in close contact with the emulsion • autoradiographic adjective… …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • autoradiograph — autoradiographic /aw teuh ray dee euh graf ik/, adj. autoradiographically, adv. /aw teuh ray dee euh graf , grahf /, n. a picture revealing the presence of radioactive material, the film being laid directly on the object to be tested. Also,… …   Universalium

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