Elizabeth Islands

The Elizabeth Islands are a chain of small islands extending southwest from the southern coast of Cape Cod, Massachusetts in the United States. They are located at the outer edge of Buzzards Bay, north of Martha's Vineyard from which they are separated by Vineyard Sound, and constitute the town of Gosnold, Massachusetts in Dukes County. All of the Elizabeth Islands except Cuttyhunk and Penikese are privately owned by the Forbes family.

In 1641, Thomas Mayhew Sr. of Watertown, Massachusetts, bought the islands (along with Nantucket and Martha's Vineyard) from William Alexander, the Earl of Sterling. Before the creation of the Province of Massachusetts Bay in 1691, the islands were part of the extinct Dukes County, New York. The total land area of the islands is 34.55 km² (13.34 sq mi) and there was a permanent population of 86 persons as of the 2000 census.

Named islands

Stretching south-west from land's end at Falmouth, Massachusetts, the islands are:
*Nonamesset Island, the closest to the mainland
*Uncatena Island, uninhabited as of the 2000 Census
*Naushon Island, convert|5.5|mi|km long and the largest. Owned by the Forbes' Naushon Island Trust, it is not open to the public.
*The Weepecket Islands, three small, publicly-accessible islands north of central Naushon owned by the Forbes family
*Pasque Island, convert|1.5|mi|km long, owned by a subset of the Forbes family, and covered in poison ivy. A shallow tidal creek cuts part way through the island.
*Nashawena Island, convert|3|mi|km long, owned by another subset of the Forbes family, it has grazing livestock.
*Penikese, located about convert|0.5|mi|km north of Nashawena and Cuttyhunk, and site of a reform school.
*Cuttyhunk farthest west in the chain, and home to most of Gosnold's municipal population. Much of the island is publicly accessible.

Named channels and harbors

Channels with strong tidal currents, known locally as "holes", separate the islands from each other and the mainland. Currents of up to convert|6|knots|km/h are driven by the different sizes and filling rates of Vineyard Sound to the southeast and Buzzard's Bay to the northwest. At high tide, water flows from Buzzards Bay to the Vineyard Sound. Near mid-tide the water stops and reverses, filling the Bay at low tide.

Listed in order away from Falmouth, the named channels are:
*Woods Hole separating the mainland from Nonamesset Island
*Robinson Hole between Naushon Island and Pasque Island
*Quick's Hole between Pasque Island and Nashawena Island
*Canapitsit Channel between Nashawena Island and Cuttyhunk Island.

Cuttyhunk Harbor is sheltered on its east by Nashawena Island on its west by Cuttyhunk Island and on its north by Penikese Island.

External links

* [http://www.cuttyhunkhistoricalsociety.org Cuttyhunk Historical Society, the Museum of the Elizabeth Islands] The purpose of the Cuttyhunk Historical Society is to preserve the traditions, records and history of the Elizabeth Islands for the benefit of present and future generations.