Alice Lisle

Alice Lisle (c. 1617 – 2 September 1685), commonly known as Dame Alicia Lisle or Dame Alice Lyle, [ [http://www.somerset.gov.uk/archives/ASH/Bloodyassize.htm The Bloody Assize] , web site of [http://www.somerset.gov.uk Somerset County Council] uses the spelling Alice Lyle] was a landed lady of the English county of Hampshire, executed for harbouring fugitives from the Battle of Sedgemoor.

Family

Alice was born in September 1617, the daughter of Sir White Beconshaw of Moyles Court at Ellingham in Hampshire (who was maternally descended from the Whites of South Warnborough) and his wife, Edith daughter and co-heiress of William Bond of Blackmanston in Steeple in Dorset. She had one younger sister, Elizabeth, who married Sir Thomas Tipping of Wheatfield Park in Stoke Talmage in Oxfordshire. Alice's husband, John Lisle (d. 1664), had been one of the judges at the trial of Charles I, and was subsequently a member of Cromwell's House of Lords - hence his wife's courtesy title. Lady Lisle seems to have leaned to Royalism, but with this attitude she combined a decided sympathy with religious dissent.

After Sedgemoor

On 20 July 1685, a fortnight after the Battle of Sedgemoor, the old lady consented to shelter John Hickes, a well-known Nonconformist minister, at her residence, Moyles Court, near Ringwood. Hickes, who was a fugitive belonging to Monmouth's army, brought with him Richard Nelthorpe, also a partizan of Monmouth, and under sentence of outlawry. The two men passed the night at Moyles Court, and on the following morning were arrested, and their hostess, who had denied their presence in the house, was charged with harbouring traitors.

Trial

Her case was tried by Judge Jeffreys at the opening of the Bloody Assizes at Winchester. She pleaded that she had no knowledge that Hickes's offence was anything more serious than illegal preaching, that she had known nothing previously of Nelthorpe (whose name was not included in the indictment, but was, nevertheless, mentioned to strengthen the case for the Crown), and that she had no sympathy with the rebellion. The jury reluctantly found her guilty, and, the law recognizing no distinction between principals and accessories in treason, she was sentenced to be burned.

Execution

Jeffreys ordered that the sentence should be carried out that same afternoon, but a few days' respite was subsequently granted, and James II allowed beheading to be substituted for burning. Lady Lisle was executed in Winchester market-place on 2 September 1685. She is buried in a tomb on the right hand side of the porch at St Mary's church, Ellingham, Hampshire.

Legacy

By many writers her death has been termed a judicial murder, and one of the first acts of parliament of William and Mary reversed the attainder on the ground that the prosecution was irregular and the verdict injuriously extorted by "the menaces and violences and other illegal practices" of Jeffreys. It is, however, extremely doubtful whether Jeffreys, for all his gross brutality, exceeded the strict letter of the existing law.

References

*1911|article=Alice Lisle
*Howell, "State Trials"
*HB Irving, "Life of Judge Jeffreys"
*Stephen, "History of the Criminal Law of England".
*Antony Whitaker,"The Regicide's Widow - Lady Alice Lisle and the Bloody Assize" (Sutton Publishing, UK)

Further reading

* [http://www.south-frm.demon.co.uk/Murder/ Notes on the trial of Alice Lisle by one of her living descendants]
* [http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~villages/ellingha.htm St Mary's church, Ellingham]

Footnotes