Putna River (Siret)

Geobox River
name =Putna River
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country_type = Countries
state_type =
region_type =
district_type = Counties
city_type = Villages
country = Romania
country1 =
state =
state1 =
region =
region1 =
district = Vrancea County
district1 =
city = Greşu,
Lepşa
Tulnici,
Negrileşti,
Bârşeşti,
Valea Sării,
Vidra,
Sifeşti,
Făurei,
Vânători
city1 =
length = 144
watershed = 2720
discharge_location =
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discharge_max =
discharge_min =
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source_name =
source_location = Vrancea Mountains,
Lăcăuţi-Arişoaia Ridge
source_district =
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source_lat_d =
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source_long_EW =
source_elevation =
source_length =
mouth_name = Siret
mouth_location =
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mouth_region =
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tributary_left = Baba,
Şipotu,
Valea lui Ilie,
Stogu,
Babovici,
Pârâul Mărului,
Greşu,
Călinu,
Slatina,
Lepşa,
Streiu,
Mocearu,
Deju,
Caciu,
Vidra,
Vizăuţi
tributary_left1 =
tributary_right = Pârâul de sub Aristoaia,
Pârâul Bradului,
Zburătura,
Pârâul Ţiganului,
Cireşu,
Tişiţa,
Pârâul Porcului,
Pârâul Câinelui,
Carhagău,
Coza,
Vasu,
Zăbala,
Şoimu,
Sturza,
Milcov,
Putna Seacă,
Râmna
tributary_right1 =
free =
free_type = Official River Code


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Putna River is a tributary of the Siret River in Vrancea County in Romania, in the historical region of Moldavia.

Hydrogeological features of the river basin.

Hydrogeological studies reveal the presence of wide and relatively rich aquifers in all the structural zones of the river. The phreatic waters participate in proportion of 30% in supplying with water the surface water resources. Although rainfalls are the main element of water supply for the rivers, in the Vrancea Mountains area the groundwater supply has a great importance.

In certain conditions, the groundwaters contain salts, having a concentration of 0,5 g/l.

The river contains many minerals, especially sulphur, carbonates and iron compounds. Such mineral sources can be found at the foot of the slopes around the Putna Waterfall, at the foot of the northern slopes of Porcului Ridge (confluence of the Tişiţa and Putna rivers), on the valley of the Mişina River, at the river mouth of the Pietricica River.

Hydrography

The river basin of the Putna River has a total surface of 2,720 square kilometers; 31% of this surface is located in the mountain area, draining the eastern flank of the Vrancea Mountains. The mountainous basin of the Putna River is formed of two orohydrographic nodes. The most important is in the central sector of the western ridge of Vrancea Mountains, and is represented by the Lăcăuţi-Arişoaia Ridge, out of which the Putna and the Zăbala rivers are spread radially. The second is individualized on the median ridge and is given by the northern extremity of Paisele Ridge, where the Năruja River and the little rivers belonging to the upper basins of the of Putna, Tişiţa and Năruja rivers are originating.

The Putna River has a length of 144 km. Its source is located on the northern slope of the Lăcăuţi-Arişoaia ridge at altitude close to 1,700 m. From the source to the limit of the mountainous sector it has a length of 30 km, having a large semicircular shape, much to the north. The upstream sector is narrow, with a characteristic transversal profile, in "V" shape. After that, the valley widens as it traverses on about 9 km the Lepşa-Greşu depression. Downstream of Lepşa, Putna has splendid gorges, 7 km long, cut in sandstone, where it generates many slope breaks and, especially, the Putna Waterfall.

Tributaries include the Baba, Şipotu, Valea lui Ilie River, Stogu, Babovici, Pârâul Mărului, Greşu, Călinu, Slatina, Lepşa, Streiu, Mocearu on the left side and Pârâul de sub Aristoaia, Pârâul Bradului, Zburătura, Pârâul Ţiganului, Cireşu, Tişiţa, Pârâul Porcului, Pârâul Câinelui, Carhagău, Coza, Zăbala, Milcov, Putna Seacă, Râmna on the right.

References

* Administraţia Naţională Apelor Române - Cadastrul Apelor - Bucureşti
* Institutul de Meteorologie şi Hidrologie - Rîurile României - Bucureşti 1971
* Ovidiu Gabor - Economic Mechanism in Water Management [http://www.riob.org/euro-riob/cracovie/27_sep_2004/costrecoverymechanism.pdf] ]
* Trasee turistice - Judeţul Vrancea [http://www.e-calauza.ro/index.php?afiseaza=trasee-turistice-vrancea

Maps

* Harta Munţii Vrancea [http://harti.mielu.ro/vrancei.html]
* Ovidiu Gabor - Economic Mechanism in Water Management [http://www.riob.org/euro-riob/cracovie/27_sep_2004/costrecoverymechanism.pdf] ]