Dicentric chromosome

Dicentric chromosome

Dicentric chromosome is an aberrant chromosome having two centromeres. Dicentric chromosomes form when two chromosome segments (from different chromosomes or from the two chromatids of a single one), each with a centromere, fuse end to end, with loss of their acentric fragments. Dicentrics, despite their two centromeres, may be mitotically stable if one of the two centromeres is inactivated, or if the two centromeres always coordinate their movement to one or the other pole during anaphase. Such chromosomes are formally called pseudodicentric. The most common pseudodicentrics involve the sex chromosomes or the acrocentric chromosomes (Robertsonian translocation). Evaluation of centromere function by FISH combined with immunofluorescence analysis of centromere and kinetochore proteins is a specialized procedure in some clinical cytogenetics laboratories.



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  • Dicentric chromosome — An abnormal chromosome (a microscopically visible carrier of the genetic material DNA) with two centromeres rather than the normal one. The centromere is essential for the division of the chromosome. A dicentric chromosome is twice tethered and… …   Medical dictionary

  • dicentric chromosome — A chromosome having two active centromeres …   Glossary of Biotechnology

  • Chromosome, dicentric — An abnormal chromosome (a microscopically visible carrier of the genetic material DNA) with two centromeres rather than the normal one. The centromere is essential for the division of the chromosome. A dicentric chromosome is twice tethered and… …   Medical dictionary

  • dicentric — Referring to a structural chromosome having two centromeres, an abnormal state. * * * di·cen·tric ( )dī sen trik adj having two centromeres <a dicentric chromosome> dicentric n * * * di·cen·tric (di senґtrik) [di + center] in genetics, a… …   Medical dictionary

  • dicentric — adjective Date: 1937 having two centromeres < a dicentric chromosome > • dicentric noun …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • Chromosome — A visible carrier of the genetic information. The 3 billion bp (base pairs) in the human genome are organized into 24 distinct, physically separate microscopic units called chromosomes. All genes are arranged linearly along the chromosomes. The… …   Medical dictionary

  • dicentric — /duy sen trik/, adj. (of a chromosome or chromatid) having two centromeres. [1935 40; DI 1 + CENTRIC] * * * …   Universalium

  • dicentric — [dʌɪ sɛntrɪk] adjective Genetics (of a chromosome) having two centromeres …   English new terms dictionary

  • dicentric — di•cen•tric [[t]daɪˈsɛn trɪk[/t]] adj. gen (of a chromosome or chromatid) having two centromeres • Etymology: 1935–40 …   From formal English to slang

  • Balancer chromosome — A balancer chromosome is a genetic tool used to prevent crossing over (genetic recombination) between homologous chromosomes during meiosis. Balancers are most often used in Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) genetics to allow populations of… …   Wikipedia

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