William Comyn, jure uxoris Earl of Buchan

Infobox_Politician
name = William Comyn, jure uxoris Earl of Buchan

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imagesize = 250px
caption = Map of Scotland, showing the area of Buchan which Comyn ruled over, on the north-east coast, c.1230.
birth_date = c.1163
birth_place = Altyre, Moray
residence =
death_date = 1233
death_place = Buchan, Aberdeenshire
office = Sheriff of Forfar
term_start = 1195
term_end = 1211
predecessor =
successor =
office2 = Justiciar of Scotia
term_start2 = 1205
term_end2 = 1233
predecessor2 = Gille Brigte, Earl of Strathearn
successor2 = Walter Stewart, 3rd High Steward of Scotland
office3 = Warden of Moray / Guardian of Moray
term_start3 = 1211
term_end3 = 1212
predecessor3 =
successor3 =
spouse = Sarah Fitzhugh (1193-1204); Marjory, Countess of Buchan (1212-death)
children = est. 13 "(see family tree at bottom)"

William Comyn, jure uxoris Earl of Buchan was one of four sons (and three daughters) of Richard Comyn, Justiciar of Lothian and Hextilda of Tynedale. He was born Scotland, in Altyre, Moray in 1163 and died in Buchan in 1233 where he is buried in Deer Abbey.

William made his fortune in the service of king William I of Scotland fighting the Meic Uilleim in the north. William witnesses no less than 88 charters of the king. William was sheriff of Forfar (1195-1211), Justiciar of Scotia (1205-33) and warden of Moray (1211-2). Between 1199 and 1200, William was sent to England to discuss important matters on King William's behalf with the new king, John.

William was appointed to the prestigious office of Justiciar of Scotia, the most senior royal office in the kingdom, in 1205. Between 1211 and 1212, William, as Warden of Moray (or "Guardian of Moray") fought against the insurgency of Gofraid mac Domnaill (of the Meic Uilleim family), who William beheaded in Kincardine in 1213.citeweb|url=http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/SCOTLAND.htm|title=Scotland|accessdate=2007-06-13] Upon finally destroying the Meic Uilleim's in 1229, he was given the Lordship of Badenoch and the lands it controlled.

From an unknown date, William held the title Lord of Kilbride.

He helped oversee the construction of St Mungo's Cathedral in Glasgow and after his death, Marjory continued his work there.

Earl of Buchan

During his period as Warden of Moray, Comyn was so successful, it may have been the reason he received the hand of Marjory (aka. "Margaret"), Countess of Buchan, sometime between 1209-1212. Her father Fergus, Earl of Buchan, had no male heirs and so in marrying his daughter to William he ensured a suitable line for his titles before his death. Dying sometime around 1214 (perhaps earlier) William inherited the Mormaer or Earl of Buchan, by right of his wife ("jure uxoris").

Family tree

William (is believed to have) had six children through his first wife Sarah Fitzhugh and eight through Marjory, Countess of Buchan. The two branches would be associated with the Lordship of Badenoch through his first wife and the Earldom of Buchan through the second. For the historian Alan Young, William's life, and particularly his marriage to the Countess of Buchan, marks the beginning of the "Comyn century".

"NB. Children are ranked according to either accounts showing a specific rank in the order of Williams children's birth or according to the earliest availalbe date the child was thought to have been born.

* "father" Richard Comyn (b.c.1115-1123 d.c.1179); "mother" Hextilda of Tynedale (aka. "Hextilda FitzUchtred" or "Hextilda FitzWaldeve") (b.1112-1122 d.c. 1149-1189). Hextilda's first husband was Malcolm, 2nd Earl of Atholl, making their son Henry, 3rd Earl of Atholl, William Comyn's half-brother.
** "first wife" married 1193: Sarah Fitzhugh (aka. "Sarah filia Roberti") (b.1155-1160 d.c.1204)
*** 1. Richard (b.c.1190-1194 d.c.1244-1249); married to unknown wife; father of John I Comyn, Lord of Badenoch (b.c.1220 d.c.1277)
*** 2. Jardine Comyn, Lord of Inverallochy (b. during or before 1190)
*** 3. Walter, Lord of Badenoch (b.1190 d.c.1258) married Isabella, Countess of Menteith
*** 4. Johanna (aka. "Jean") (b.c.1198 d.c.1274); married c.1220: Uilleam I, Earl of Ross (aka. "William de Ross") (b.c.1194-1214 d.1274)
*** 5. John Comyn, jure uxoris Earl of Angus (d.1242); married (c.1242); Matilda, Countess of Angus (aka. "Maud") (b.c.1222, d.1261)
*** 6. David Comyn, Lord of Kilbride (d.1247); married Isabel de Valoigne (d.1253)
** "second wife" married c.1209-1212: Marjory (aka. "Margaret"), Countess of Buchan (aka. "Margaret Colhan of Buchan") (b.c.1184 d.c.1243-1244)
*** 1. Idonea (aka. "Idoine") (b.c.1215-1221); married 1237: Gilbert de Haya of Erroll (aka. "Gilbert de la Hay") (d.1262)
*** 2. Alexander, Earl of Buchan (b.c.1217 d.c.1289-1290); married: Elizabetha de Quincy (aka. Isabel) (b.1220 d.1282)
*** 3. William (b.c.1217)
*** 4. Margaret (b.c. 1218-1230); married Sir John de Keith, Marischal of Scotland (b.1212 d.1270)
*** 5. Fergus (b.c.1219-1228 d.); married 1249: unknown wife; father of Margaret Comyn (b.c.1270)
*** 6. Elizabeth (b.c. 1223 d.1267); married: Uilleam, Earl of Mar (d.1281)
*** 7. Agnes (b.c.1225); married 1262: Sir Philip de Meldrum, Justiciar of Scotia (aka. "Philip de Fedarg" or "Philip de Melgarum")

References

* Young, Alan, "Robert the Bruce's Rivals: The Comyns, 1213-1314", (East Linton, 1997)