Luton v Lessels

Infobox Court Case
name=Luton v Lessels
court=High Court of Australia


date_decided=11 April 2002
full_name=Luton v Lessels & Anor
citations= [http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/cases/cth/HCA/2002/13.html (2002) 210 CLR 333]
judges= Gleeson CJ, Gaudron, McHugh, Kirby, Hayne and Callinan JJ
prior_actions=none
subsequent_actions=none
opinions=(6:0) The scheme established by the Child Support (Registration and Collection) Act 1988 and the Child Support (Assessment) Act 1989 (Cth) for the collection and payment of money otherwise payable to or receivable by the recipient is not a tax (per Gleeson CJ, Gaudron, McHugh, Kirby, Hayne and Callinan JJ)

(6:0) The Acts do not infer on the Child Support Agency judicial power and are not offensive to the doctrine of separation of powers (per Gleeson CJ, Gaudron, McHugh, Kirby, Hayne and Callinan JJ)

"Luton v Lessels" (2002) 165 CLR 462 is a High Court of Australia case that affirms previous High Court definitions of a tax.

Facts

The Commonwealth established a Child Support scheme where a non-custodial parent was required to pay an amount of their income to the custodial parent to assist in the costs of raising their children. This scheme was established by the "Child Support (Registration and Collection) Act 1988" and the "Child Support (Assessment) Act 1989".

Luton, a non-custodial parent challenged the scheme on the grounds that the payment was a form of tax because it was collected by the government, and section 55 of the constitution mandates that tax legislation must deal with matters of taxation only.

Luton also claimed the Child Support Scheme conferred judicial powers on non-judicial officers. Thus, the legislation was contrary to Chapter III of the Constitution because it offended the doctrine of separation of powers.

Decision

The High Court unanimously held that the payment of child support was not a tax. Although the government collected the money, it was merely facilitating a necessary transfer of money between private citizens. It provided a mechanism for this exchange of an existing private obligation.

ee also

* Constitutional basis of taxation in Australia
* Australian constitutional law

References

* Winterton, G. et al. "Australian federal constitutional law: commentary and materials", 1999. LBC Information Services, Sydney.